Chapter 7: Learning Flashcards
What is the lasting change in behavior or mental process as the result of an experience?
Learning
Who most well known for classical conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
A previously conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears
Extinction
Classical conditioning is the association of two stimuli and thus to anticipate events.
True
What is a stimuli that naturally produces a response?
Unconditioned stimulus
What is an unlearned naturally occurring response?
Unconditioned response
What is a stimuli that after conditioning produces a response?
Conditioned stimulus
What is a stimulus that elicits not response?
Neutral stimulus
A stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus
Stimulus generalization
The reemergence of an extinguished conditioned response after a period of rest and w/ no further conditioning
Spontaneous recovery
Most famous proponent of operant conditioning
B.F. Skinner
The method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for r behavior
Operant conditioning
What is a learned response to a previously neutral but not conditioned stimulus?
Conditioned response
Any event that strengthens a preceding response. Or any stimulus that increases the probability that a preceding behavior will occur again
Reinforcer
- Primary reinforcer
- Secondary reinforcer
- things that are not learned and which satisfy our biological needs. Such as water, food, sleep, shelter, sex, and touch
-reinforcers that reinforce a certain behavior vis association w/a primary reinforcer
The ability to differentiate between stimuli because they are sufficiently distinct from each other
Stimulus discrimination
The process by which a stimulus increases the probability that a preceding behavior will be repeated
Reinforcement
Strengthens a response by presenting a typically pleasurable stimulus after a response
Positive reinforcement
Strengthens a response by reducing something undesirable
Negative reinforcement
A stimulus that decreases the probability that a prior event will occur again
Punishment
Weakening a response through the application of an unpleasant stimulus
Positive punishment
The removal of something pleasant to discourage an unwanted behavior
Negative punishment
True or False?
Punishment tells you what to do; reinforcement tells what not to do
False
Answer: Punishment tells you what NOT to do; Reinforcement tells you what to do
Rewards individuals after a certain time interval
Interval Schedule
Rewards an individual after a certain number of responses
Ratio Schedule
A reinforcement system that rewards a correct response after an unpredictable amount of time
Variable interval schedule
A reinforcement schedule that rewards an unpredictable number of correct responses
Variable ratio schedule
A schedule of reinforcement that rewards every correct response given. Example: A Vending Machine
Continuous reinforcement
