Chapter 7: Learning

Question 1

What is the lasting change in behavior or mental process as the result of an experience?

Answer 1

Learning

Question 2

Who most well known for classical conditioning?

Answer 2

Ivan Pavlov

Question 3

A previously conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears

Answer 3

Extinction

Question 4

Classical conditioning is the association of two stimuli and thus to anticipate events.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What is a stimuli that naturally produces a response?

Answer 5

Unconditioned stimulus

Question 6

What is an unlearned naturally occurring response?

Answer 6

Unconditioned response

Question 7

What is a stimuli that after conditioning produces a response?

Answer 7

Conditioned stimulus

Question 8

What is a stimulus that elicits not response?

Answer 8

Neutral stimulus

Question 9

A stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus

Answer 9

Stimulus generalization

Question 10

The reemergence of an extinguished conditioned response after a period of rest and w/ no further conditioning

Answer 10

Spontaneous recovery

Question 11

Most famous proponent of operant conditioning

Answer 11

B.F. Skinner

Question 12

The method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for r behavior

Answer 12

Operant conditioning

Question 13

What is a learned response to a previously neutral but not conditioned stimulus?

Answer 13

Conditioned response

Question 14

Any event that strengthens a preceding response. Or any stimulus that increases the probability that a preceding behavior will occur again

Answer 14

Reinforcer

Question 15

• Primary reinforcer
• Secondary reinforcer

Answer 15

• things that are not learned and which satisfy our biological needs. Such as water, food, sleep, shelter, sex, and touch

-reinforcers that reinforce a certain behavior vis association w/a primary reinforcer

Question 16

The ability to differentiate between stimuli because they are sufficiently distinct from each other

Answer 16

Stimulus discrimination

Question 17

The process by which a stimulus increases the probability that a preceding behavior will be repeated

Answer 17

Reinforcement

Question 18

Strengthens a response by presenting a typically pleasurable stimulus after a response

Answer 18

Positive reinforcement

Question 19

Strengthens a response by reducing something undesirable

Answer 19

Negative reinforcement

Question 20

A stimulus that decreases the probability that a prior event will occur again

Answer 20

Punishment

Question 21

Weakening a response through the application of an unpleasant stimulus

Answer 21

Positive punishment

Question 22

The removal of something pleasant to discourage an unwanted behavior

Answer 22

Negative punishment

Question 23

True or False?
Punishment tells you what to do; reinforcement tells what not to do

Answer 23

False
Answer: Punishment tells you what NOT to do; Reinforcement tells you what to do

Question 24

Rewards individuals after a certain time interval

Answer 24

Interval Schedule

Question 25

Rewards an individual after a certain number of responses

Answer 25

Ratio Schedule

Question 26

A reinforcement system that rewards a correct response after an unpredictable amount of time

Answer 26

Variable interval schedule

Question 27

A reinforcement schedule that rewards an unpredictable number of correct responses

Answer 27

Variable ratio schedule

Question 28

A schedule of reinforcement that rewards every correct response given. Example: A Vending Machine

Answer 28

Continuous reinforcement