Chapter 7 info

Question 1

What do all cells have?

Answer 1

1. nucleic acids (information)
2. proteins (most cell functions)
3. carbs (chemical E, carbon, support, and identity
4. plasma membrane (selectively permeable barrier)
5. lipids (storing energy)

Question 2

what do all living things do?

Answer 2

1. maintain homeostasis
2. reproduction
3. react and respond (sensitivity)
4. growth
5. metabolize
6. movement
7. excretion
8. nutrition

Question 3

what are prokaryotic cells?

Answer 3

bacteria and archaea

Question 4

what are eukaryotic cells?

Answer 4

animals and plants

Question 5

parts of a prokaryotic cell

Answer 5

1. nucleoid
2. plasmids
3. ribosomes
4. plasma membrane
5. cell wall
6. Flagella
7. fimbriae

Question 6

function of a nucleiod

Answer 6

singular circular chromosome; DNA (no membrane)

Question 7

functions of Ribosomes

Answer 7

protein manufacturing:
- internal membranes for photosynthesis
- organelles -> storage sacs
- cytoskeleton -> protein filaments

Question 8

what makes up a plasma membrane

Answer 8

made of a phospholipid bilayer

Question 9

function of cell wall

Answer 9

protects the whole cell

Question 10

what are the two other external structures in prokaryotes

Answer 10

flagella and fimbriae

Question 11

how many chromosomes are in prokaryotic cells?

Answer 11

one chromosome -> haploid
- gene gets directly passed to the offspring because there is only one

Question 12

prokaryote size

Answer 12

0.0005 mm

Question 13

name eukaryotic cell parts

Answer 13

1. ribosomes
2. mitochondria
3. nucleus
4. golgi apparatus
5. lysosomes
6. vacuoles
7. peroxisomes
8. chloroplasts
9. plasma membrane
10. cell wall
11. endoplasmic reticulum (smooth and rough)

Question 14

mitochondria function

Answer 14

provides energy (ATP) for the rest of the cell to function

Question 15

cytoskeleton function

Answer 15

provides structure of the cell and organizes components for movement

Question 16

nucleus function

Answer 16

information storage and transmission
- has a double membrane

Question 17

Golgi apparatus function

Answer 17

protein, lipid, and carb processing

Question 18

lysosome function

Answer 18

digestion and recycling

Question 19

vacuoles function

Answer 19

storage, digestion, and recycling

Question 20

peroxisomes function

Answer 20

oxidation of fatty acids, ethanol, and other compounds

Question 21

chloroplasts function

Answer 21

production of sugars via photosynthesis (only found in plant cells)

Question 22

plasma membrane function

Answer 22

selectively permeable; maintains intracellular environment

Question 23

cell wall function

Answer 23

protection and structural support of the cell

Question 24

endoplasmic reticulum (smooth) function

Answer 24

lipid synthesis and processing

Question 25

endoplasmic reticulum (rough) function

Answer 25

protein synthesis and processing

Question 26

What does surface area have a role in?

Answer 26

temperature

Question 27

Characteristics of animal cells

Answer 27

• circular shape, fat membrane, more flexible
• have the ability to engulf bacteria and turn them into white blood cells
• lysosomes are present in animal cells
• no cell wall
• spindle fibers in the centrioles for mitosis and meiosis are present in animal cells

Question 28

Plant Cell Characteristics

Answer 28

• like hypotonic solutions
• cell walls are present (made with cellulose)
  vacuoles are present -> membrane bound sacs
• chloroplasts are present (helps with photosynthesis)
• chlorophyll are inside the chloroplasts