Chapter 5 - Carbohydrates Flashcards
What are examples of simple carbs
sugars and monosaccarides
what are examples of complex carbs?
fibres
what elements are carbs typically made of
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
- ratio is 1:2:1
what does the organization of atoms and carbonyl/hydroxyl groups impact
structure and function
how do monosaccarides change?
changes depending on the number of carbon, location of the carbon molecule, and the -OH arrangement
how do ring structures link together ?
through condensation reactions
what is a aldose?
carbonyl groups at the end of a carbon chain
what is a ketose?
carbonyl group within the carbon chain
Characteristics of a monosaccarides
reactive, hydrophilic, and polar
explain glycosidic linkage
bonds between carbohydrates -> covalent
what is a disaccharide?
carbohydrates consisting of two monosaccarides
outline the carbohydrate functions
structural support:
- cellulose found in fiber = important to structural support
Identity: acts as an identification badge on the plasma membrane which displays info to identify
Energy Storage: short term energy storage
- involved in cellular respiration
what is the photosynthesis reaction equation?
CO2+H2O+sunlight –> (CH2O)n+O2
what is amylase?
enzyme that breaks down starch
What is cellular respiration
the process by which cells convert chemical energy from food (like glucose) into a usable form of energy called ATP by breaking down glucose molecules with the help of oxygen, producing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.
