Chapter 7- Homeostasis And The Kidney

Question 1

Negative feedback

Answer 1

A change in a system produces a second change which reverses the first change

Question 2

Excretion

Answer 2

The removal of metabolic waste made by the body

Question 3

Osmoregulation

Answer 3

The control of the water potential of the body’s fluids by the regulation of the water content of the body

Question 4

Deamination

Answer 4

The removal of an amine group from a molecule. Excess amino acids are delaminated in the liver, and the amine group is converted to urea.

Question 5

Ultrafiltration

Answer 5

Filtration under high pressure

Question 6

Selective reabsorption

Answer 6

The uptake of specific molecules and ions from the glomerular filtrate in the nephron back into the blood stream

Question 7

Secondary active transport

Answer 7

The coupling of diffusion, e.g. Of sodium ions, down an electrochemical gradient providing energy for the active transport, e.g. Of Glucose up its concentration gradient

Question 8

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer 8

Hormone produced in the hypothalamus and secreted by the posterior pituitary. It increases permeability of the cells of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct walls to water, increasing water reabsorption

Question 9

Transamination

Answer 9

An enzyme-catalysed reaction that transfers an amino group to an a-keto acid, making an amino acid

Question 10

Metabolic water

Answer 10

Water produced from the oxidation of food reserves