Chapter 7

Question 1

Know which bones are included in the pectoral girdle;

Answer 1

Two scapulae and two clavicles

Question 2

Which marrow in the long bone is involved in fat storage?

Answer 2

Yellow marrow

Question 3

List the facial bones:

Answer 3

There are 13 bones total, includes the Maxillae, Palatine bones, Zygomatic bones, Lacrimal bones, Nasal bones, the Vomer bone, Inferior Nasal Conchae, and the Mandible

Question 4

The zygomatic arch is composed of processes of the…

Answer 4

Zygomatic and temporal bone

Question 5

Know which are a part of the thoracic cage;

Answer 5

The rib cage, the 12 thoracic vertebrae, 12 pairs of ribs (along with their associated costal cartilages), and the sternum

Question 6

The hard palate is composed of what bones?

Answer 6

The palatine and the maxilla

Question 7

Red bone marrow functions in the formation of what?

Answer 7

Blood cells

Question 8

Know the bones of the lower limb;

Answer 8

The femur, patella, tibia, fibula, seven tarsal bones, five metatarsal bones, and 14 phalanges

Question 9

Know the function of an osteoblast;

Answer 9

To build bone

Question 10

Know the order of composition of a long bone;

Answer 10

Expanded ends of bones that form joints with adjacent bones are epiphyses, articular (hyaline) cartilage covers the epiphyses, the shaft of the bone is the diaphysis, a tough layer of vascular connective tissue, called the periosteum, covers the bone and is continuous with ligaments and tendons

Question 11

Know the function of osteoclasts;

Answer 11

To break down bone tissue

Question 12

Know the location and function of the periosteum;

Answer 12

Found wrapped around bones, delivers the bones their blood supply and gives them their sense of feeling

Question 13

Axial skeleton includes the:

Answer 13

The skull, the hyoid bone, the vertebral column (vertebrae and intervertebral disks) and thorax (ribs and sternum)

Question 14

Mature bone cells in the lacunae are called what?

Answer 14

Osteocytes

Question 15

Know the characteristics of a typical vertebra;

Answer 15

A body, pedicles, laminae, spinous process, vertebral foramen, transverse process, superior and inferior processes, and intervertebral foramina

Question 16

Know the bones that make up the pelvic girdle;

Answer 16

Two hip (innominate) bones and the sacrum

Question 17

The bones of the wrist together form the:

Answer 17

Carpals

Question 18

Know and be able to identify the cranial bones;

Answer 18

Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital, Sphenoid, and Ethmoid bones

Question 19

The microscopic bony chambers that house mature bone cells are called what?

Answer 19

Lacunae

Question 20

Know the types of bone fractures;

Answer 20

Greenstic (incomplete, occurs at the convex surface of the bend of the bone), Fissure (incomplete longitudinal break), Comminuted (complete, fragments of bone), Transverse (complete, break occurs at right angle), Oblique (complete, occurs at angle other than right angle), Spiral (caused by excessive twisting of bone)

Question 21

The passageway for the spinal cord through the skull is called what?

Answer 21

The foramen magnum

Question 22

The appendicular skeleton includes the:

Answer 22

Pectoral girdle (scapulae and clavicles), the upper limbs (humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges), the pelvic girdle (coxal bones articulating with the sacrum), and the lower limbs (femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges)

Question 23

The salts that form tiny crystals in the intracellular matrix of bone tissue consist largely of:

Answer 23

Calcium phosphate

Question 24

Know the difference between diaphysis and epiphysis;

Answer 24

Epiphysis: ends of bones that form joints with adjacent bones; Diaphysis: shaft of bone

Question 25

Intramembranous bone- Where is it located and how does it form?

Answer 25

Flat bones of the skull, forms within sheet like layers of connective tissue

Question 26

How many bones are in the adult human skeleton?

Answer 26

206

Question 27

What is the space in the shaft of a long bone?

Answer 27

The medullary cavity

Question 28

Know the movements - A) Pronation B) Abduction C) Adduction D) Flexion;

Answer 28

Pronation: palm of the hand facing down; Abduction: movement of a body part away from the midline; Adduction: movement of a body part toward the midline; Flexion: bending of a body part, reducing angle between entities taking part in the movement

Question 29

Know the bones of the upper limb;

Answer 29

Humerus (upper arm), radius (thumb side of forearm), ulna (other longer bone of forearm), Hand (eight carpal bones for the wrist, framework of hand made of five metacarpal bones, fingers made of three phalanges, except for thumb which has two)

Question 30

Know the bones of the orbital cavity;

Answer 30

Sphenoid, frontal, zygomatic, ethmoid, lacrimal, maxilla, and palatine