Chapter 7 Flashcards
Know which bones are included in the pectoral girdle;
Two scapulae and two clavicles
Which marrow in the long bone is involved in fat storage?
Yellow marrow
List the facial bones:
There are 13 bones total, includes the Maxillae, Palatine bones, Zygomatic bones, Lacrimal bones, Nasal bones, the Vomer bone, Inferior Nasal Conchae, and the Mandible
The zygomatic arch is composed of processes of the…
Zygomatic and temporal bone
Know which are a part of the thoracic cage;
The rib cage, the 12 thoracic vertebrae, 12 pairs of ribs (along with their associated costal cartilages), and the sternum
The hard palate is composed of what bones?
The palatine and the maxilla
Red bone marrow functions in the formation of what?
Blood cells
Know the bones of the lower limb;
The femur, patella, tibia, fibula, seven tarsal bones, five metatarsal bones, and 14 phalanges
Know the function of an osteoblast;
To build bone
Know the order of composition of a long bone;
Expanded ends of bones that form joints with adjacent bones are epiphyses, articular (hyaline) cartilage covers the epiphyses, the shaft of the bone is the diaphysis, a tough layer of vascular connective tissue, called the periosteum, covers the bone and is continuous with ligaments and tendons
Know the function of osteoclasts;
To break down bone tissue
Know the location and function of the periosteum;
Found wrapped around bones, delivers the bones their blood supply and gives them their sense of feeling
Axial skeleton includes the:
The skull, the hyoid bone, the vertebral column (vertebrae and intervertebral disks) and thorax (ribs and sternum)
Mature bone cells in the lacunae are called what?
Osteocytes
Know the characteristics of a typical vertebra;
A body, pedicles, laminae, spinous process, vertebral foramen, transverse process, superior and inferior processes, and intervertebral foramina
Know the bones that make up the pelvic girdle;
Two hip (innominate) bones and the sacrum
The bones of the wrist together form the:
Carpals
Know and be able to identify the cranial bones;
Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital, Sphenoid, and Ethmoid bones
The microscopic bony chambers that house mature bone cells are called what?
Lacunae
Know the types of bone fractures;
Greenstic (incomplete, occurs at the convex surface of the bend of the bone), Fissure (incomplete longitudinal break), Comminuted (complete, fragments of bone), Transverse (complete, break occurs at right angle), Oblique (complete, occurs at angle other than right angle), Spiral (caused by excessive twisting of bone)
The passageway for the spinal cord through the skull is called what?
The foramen magnum
The appendicular skeleton includes the:
Pectoral girdle (scapulae and clavicles), the upper limbs (humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges), the pelvic girdle (coxal bones articulating with the sacrum), and the lower limbs (femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges)
The salts that form tiny crystals in the intracellular matrix of bone tissue consist largely of:
Calcium phosphate
Know the difference between diaphysis and epiphysis;
Epiphysis: ends of bones that form joints with adjacent bones; Diaphysis: shaft of bone
Intramembranous bone- Where is it located and how does it form?
Flat bones of the skull, forms within sheet like layers of connective tissue
How many bones are in the adult human skeleton?
206
What is the space in the shaft of a long bone?
The medullary cavity
Know the movements - A) Pronation B) Abduction C) Adduction D) Flexion;
Pronation: palm of the hand facing down; Abduction: movement of a body part away from the midline; Adduction: movement of a body part toward the midline; Flexion: bending of a body part, reducing angle between entities taking part in the movement
Know the bones of the upper limb;
Humerus (upper arm), radius (thumb side of forearm), ulna (other longer bone of forearm), Hand (eight carpal bones for the wrist, framework of hand made of five metacarpal bones, fingers made of three phalanges, except for thumb which has two)
Know the bones of the orbital cavity;
Sphenoid, frontal, zygomatic, ethmoid, lacrimal, maxilla, and palatine
