Chapter 7 - Enzyme Mechanisms

Question 1

Enzyme

Answer 1

Alters reaction rates without changing product/substrate ratio at equilibrium

Question 2

Cofactors

Answer 2

Aid in catalytic reactions at the active site

Question 3

Catalyst 1

Answer 3

Lowers activation energy by stabilizing transition state

Question 4

Catalyst 2

Answer 4

Alternate pathway for product formation

Question 5

Catalyst 3

Answer 5

Reduces entropy by orienting the substrates

Question 6

Active Site

Answer 6

Portion of the cell surface that the enzyme binds to

Question 7

Lock Key Model

Answer 7

Substrates bind to a portion of the enzyme with a complementary shape

Question 8

Induced Fit Model

Answer 8

Substrate binds induce conformation change for a complementary fit

Question 9

Kinetics

Answer 9

Quantitative study of chemical reaction rates of an enzyme

Question 10

Reversible Inhibition

Answer 10

Noncovalent bonding of small biomolecules to enzyme subunit

Question 11

Irreversible Inhibition

Answer 11

Forms covalent bond with a catalytic group at enzyme active site

Question 12

Competitive Inhibition

Answer 12

Inhibits substrate binding at active site

Question 13

Uncompetitive Inhibition

Answer 13

Binds to enzyme-substrate complex and alters active site conformation

Question 14

Mixed Inhibition

Answer 14

Binds to another site but distorts active site

Question 15

Suicide Inhibition

Answer 15

Reacts with an enzyme but fails reaction and becomes permanently attached to that enzyme

Question 16

Isomerization

Answer 16

Doesn’t change the molecular formula of product compared to substrate

Question 17

Condensation

Answer 17

Combines two substrates to form a larger molecule

Question 18

Hydrolysis/Dehydration

Answer 18

Involves addition/removal of water