Chapter 17 - Amino Acid Metabolism

Question 1

Assimilation

Answer 1

Glutamate and glutamine provide nitrogen

Question 2

Fixation

Answer 2

Reduces nitrogen (N2) to NH3/NH4+

Question 3

Amino Acid Degradation

Answer 3

NH4+ transport to liver and turned into urea for excretion, continuous due to short enzyme half-life

Question 4

Amino Acid Synthesis

Answer 4

Derived from 7 metabolic intermediates from glycolysis, PPP, and citrate cycle

Question 5

Transanimation

Answer 5

Amino group transfers from one molecule to another

Question 6

Nitrogenase

Answer 6

Enzyme that catalyzes nitrogen fixation

Question 7

Nitrification

Answer 7

Oxidation of reduced nitrogen to nitrite/nitrate

Question 8

Ammonia Assimilation

Answer 8

NH4+ into glutamate and glutamine

Question 9

11 of 20 amino backbones converted to

Answer 9

Pyruvate and acetyl-CoA

Question 10

Pentose Phosphate Pathway Intermediates:

Answer 10

Ribose-5-phosphate, enythrose-4-phosphate

Question 11

Citrate Cycle Intermediates:

Answer 11

Oxaloacetate and a-ketoglutarate

Question 12

Glycolytic Pathway Intermediates:

Answer 12

3-phosphoglycerate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and pyruvate

Question 13

Glutamate metabolized by ______, to release NH4+ for urea synthesis

Answer 13

Glutamate dehydrogenase