Chapter 7 Cognition

Question 1

Cognition

Answer 1

Solving problems, thinking, memory, and intelligence.

Question 2

Heuristics

Answer 2

Are mental shortcuts in estimating the likelihood of something. Representative heuristic is when you ask yourself how alike one this is is to another. Availability heuristic means guessing the likelihood of something based on instances that come to mind.

Question 3

Confirmation Bias

Answer 3

People tend to look for information that supports their beliefs.

Question 4

Functional fixedness

Answer 4

The inability to see a new use for a familiar object.

Question 5

Learning Language

Answer 5

At 4-6 months, babies are at the babbling stage. From about 12-18 months, children are at the one-word stage with accompanying gestures. Then comes the 2 word stage; “doggie bite”, “bad doggie”.

Question 6

Memory

Answer 6

Sensory memory is the brief awareness of whatever the senses detect. If attended to, the information enters short term/working memory. This info will be lost unless extra effort puts it into long-term memory.

Question 7

Alfred Binet & Intelligence

Answer 7

Alfred Binet created the IQ test to determine the mental age of a person. Intelligence is how well you solve problems.

Question 8

Nature vs. Nurture

Answer 8

Nature refers to biology and genetics. Nurture refers to the environmental effects on development.