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HIMP 1170 > Chapter 7 Circulatory > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Circulatory Flashcards

1
Q

coronary

A

encircling, in the manner of a crown, refers to the way coronary arteries encircle heart

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2
Q

angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o

A

vessel

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3
Q

aort/o

A

orta

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4
Q

arter/o, arteri/o

A

artery

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5
Q

arteriol/o

A

arteriole

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6
Q

phleb/o, ven/o

A

vein

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7
Q

venul/o

A

venule

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8
Q

lymph/a

A

lymph

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9
Q

functions of the cardiovascular system

A
  • supplies cells with nutrients
  • transports waste products and carbon dioxide for disposal
  • acid-base balance
  • prevents hemorrhage
  • protects disease
  • body temperature regulation
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10
Q

functions of the lymphatic system

A

-collect fluid that escapes and return to circulation

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11
Q

flow of blood through the heart

A

venae cavae - right atrium -right ventricle - pulmonary artery - oxygenation in lungs - pulmonary veins - left atrium - left ventricle - aorta

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12
Q

tricuspid valve

A

valve on the right side of heart, atrioventricular

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13
Q

bicuspid/mitral valve

A

valve on left side of heart, atrioventricular

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14
Q

aortic semilunar valave

A

valve leading into aorta, regulates the blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta

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15
Q

pulmonary semilunar valve

A

valve leading into pulmonary artery, regulates blood flow from the right ventricle to the lungs

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16
Q

arther/o

A

yellow, fatty plaque

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17
Q

-sclerosis

A

hardening

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18
Q

electrocardiography

A

show electrical activity of heart muscle (when blockage of artery is suspected)

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19
Q

stress tests and treadmill stress tests

A

ECG done on a treadmill

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20
Q

echocardiography (echo)

A

ultrasound of the heart (a test of the action of the heart using ultrasound waves to produce a visual display)

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21
Q

positron emission tomography (PET)

A

radioactive element injected into patient to produce color-coded images showing blood flow in heart and vessels

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22
Q

cardiac catheterization (endoscope)

A

allows internal parts of the heart to be viewed by passing long, flexible tube into chambers of the heart (via femoral vein) and advanced with endoscopic equipment. Usually right side of patient is examined first

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23
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

primary disease of the heart muscle

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24
Q

angina pectoris

A

severe chest pain and constriction caused by insufficient supply of blood to the heart

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25
Q

arrhythmia or dysrhythmia

A

irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat

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26
Q

cardiomegaly

A

enlargement of the heart

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27
Q

congenital heart defects

A

abnormalities present in the heart at birth

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28
Q

coronary artery disease (CAD)

A

abnormal condition that affects heart’s arteries and produces various effects (like reduced blood flow to myocardium)

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29
Q

coronary heart disease (CHD)

A

heart damage resulting from insufficient oxygen caused by pathology in the arteries

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30
Q

fibrillation
defibrillation
defibrillator

A

severe cardiac arrhythmia where blood circulation is affected
used to slow the heart or restore rhythm
electronic device that shocks the heart using electrodes

31
Q

heart murmur

A

soft blowing or rasping sound

32
Q

hyperlipidemia

A

escessive lipis in the blood

33
Q

hypertension

A

elevated BP

34
Q

hypotension

A

low BP

35
Q

infarction

A

necrosis of a localized area cause by lack of blood supply

36
Q

occlusion

A

obstruction

37
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing

38
Q

shock

A

blood flow is reduced to such an extent that body tissues do not receive enough blood

39
Q

angiomas

A

tumors consisting principally of blood vessels (hemangioma) or lymph vessels (lymphangioma)

40
Q

aortography

A

radiography of the aorta after the injection of a contrast medium to enhance image of heart xray

41
Q

aneurysm

A

ballooning out of the wall of a vessel

42
Q

thrombus

A

internal boodclot

43
Q

emoblism

A

sudden blocking of an artery or lymph vessel by foreign material

44
Q

varicose veins

A

swollen and knotted veins occurring most often in legs, resulting from defective valves that allow blood to pool

45
Q

hemorrhoids

A

masses of dilated varicose veins in anal canal

46
Q

cardiopulmonary bypass

A

temporarily diverting blood away from heart and lungs during surgery

47
Q

cardioversion

A

restoring heart’s normal rhythm using electrical shock

48
Q

nitroglycerin

A

coronary vasodilator

49
Q

diuretics

A

act to reduce blood volume through greater water excretion by kidneys

50
Q

atherectomy

A

cutting away plaque from lining of artery

51
Q

coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

A

sections of blood vessels are grafted onto coronary arteries to bypass blocked arteries (when blockage is too severe for balloon angioplasty)

52
Q

lymphedema

A

accumulation of lymph in tissue and resultant swelling

53
Q

lymphadenitis

A

inflammation of the lymph nodes

54
Q

pericardium

A

outer layer of the heart, a sac that encloses it

55
Q

myocardium

A

middle muscle layer of the heart

56
Q

endocardium

A

innermost layer

57
Q

ventricular septal defect

A

a defect in the ventricular septum, the wall dividing the left and right ventricles of the heart

58
Q

myocardial infarction

A

necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle (can result from obstruction/occlusion or stenosis/narrowing of the artery). Called a heart attack

59
Q

angiography

A

radiographic examination of a vessel

60
Q

arteriography

A

radiography of the arteries after injecting contrast medium

61
Q

angiocardiography

A

radiography of the heart and great vessels after injection of a contrast medium

62
Q

hemorrhagic stroke

A

blood vessel bursts and allows blood to seep into brain tissue

63
Q

thrombotic stroke

A

blood flow is blocked, plaque can cause a blood clot to form

64
Q

embolic (embolitic stroke)

A

a blood clot or other embolus reaches an artery in the brain, lodges there and blocks the flow of blood

65
Q

artificial cardiac pacemaker

A

battery-operated pacemaker using rhythmic electrical discharges is implanted in the chest wall to facilitate a normal cardiac rhythm

66
Q

balloon angioplasty

A

balloon is inflated inside an artery to flatten plaque against wall

67
Q

stent

A

expendable, mesh-like tube and placed over the angioplasty site to keep artery open

68
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoids

69
Q

cervic/o

A

neck, or uterine cervix

70
Q

home/o

A

sameness

71
Q

lymphat/o

A

lymphatics

72
Q

splen/o

A

spleen

73
Q

thromb/o

A

thrombus, blood clot

HIMP 1170 (7 decks)

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