Chapter 7: Chemical Coordination

Question 1

Hormones

Answer 1

Hormones are chemicals secreted by glands in the body. Different hormones affect different target organs.

The bloodstream transports hormones from the glands to the target organs.

Question 2

Glands

Answer 2

an organ that secretes a substance

Question 3

Adrenal gland

Answer 3

adrenalin

Prepares body for action - ‘fight or flight’.

Question 4

Ovary

Answer 4

Oestrogen & Progesterone

Ovaries, uterus, pituitary gland

Controls puberty and the menstrual cycle in females; stimulates production of LH and suppresses the production of FSH in the pituitary gland.

Question 5

Pituitary gland

Answer 5

1. Hormone: Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) in kidney effect controls blood water level by triggering uptake of water in kidneys.

2. Hormone: follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in ovaries effect Triggers egg ripening and oestrogen production in ovaries.

3. Hormone: luteinising hormone (LH) in ovaries effect Triggers egg release and progesterone production in ovaries.

4. Hormone: growth hormone (GH) effect speeds up rate of development in children

Question 6

Testes (your goddam balls, boy!)

Answer 6

Hormone: testosterone in your goodamn balls effect controls puberty in males

Question 7

Pancreas

Answer 7

Hormone: insulin

in liver

effect controls blood sugar levels.

Question 8

Thyroid

Answer 8

Hormone: thyroxin

effect: controls the body’s metabolic rate (how fast chemical reactions take place in cells)

Question 9

Show me where your balls are (along with other important glands)

Question 10

What happens when di addrenaline kicks in?

Answer 10

• breathing rate increases (taking in more o2)
• heart beats faster (sending more blood to muscles)
• blood diverted away from intestine to muscles
• stored carbohydrate changed into glucose
• pupils dilate
• body hair stands on end (make animals look larger than enemy)
• mental awareness increases so reactions are faster

Question 12

Blood sugar levels

Answer 12

Blood sugar level is controlled by the release and storage of glucose controlled by insulin

Question 13

Diabetes

Answer 13

a disease where the pancreas cannot make enough insulin to keep blood glucose level constant

(tested by urine test, feeling constant thirst)