chapter 7 and 8 Flashcards
When looking at the workings of the memory system, what is the sequence of steps that must be followed to learn and remember something?
a. Encoding → consolidation → storage → retrieval
Just before the start of the marathon, Diego’s running partner says, “Hey, your shoelaces are untied!” Diego immediately bends down and ties them. Which form of memory enables this action to take place?
implicit memory
While cleaning her bookshelf, Dina accidentally knocked over a lamp, which hit her head so hard that she had to be rushed to the hospital and immediately taken into surgery. Upon gaining consciousness, she had no memory of the accident. Which part of her brain was probably affected?
entorhinal cortex
The strengthening of a behavioral tendency due to the removal of something unpleasant or undesirable from a situation after the behavior occurred is called
negative reinforcement
Two-year-old Ted jumps up with joy whenever his mother, Susan, takes out a blue jar full of his favorite sweets from the kitchen shelf. Which form of learning is Ted demonstrating?
classical conditioning
Deferred imitation is the ability to
imitate a novel act after a delay
When talking about her favorite cartoon character, Lizzy, who recently turned 5 years old, mixes up two similar-looking characters. This happens because the early infant memory is
cue dependent and context specific
Which type of information are infants more likely to remember in adulthood?
memories with maximum cues
Which of the following statements is false about autobiographical memory in toddlers?
a. Language skills are not essential for facilitating autobiographical memories.
While playing a word game, 4-year-old Carol kept forming the word pat instead of trying new words such as tap or apt from the letters A, P, and T. Which strategy of memory is she demonstrating?
perseveration error
The knowledge of what you know and how you learn, as well as being able to monitor the process involved in thinking is called
metacognition
Which of the following questions will provide the most useful and trustworthy information to an investigator who is interviewing a possible child abuse victim?
can you tell me how she did that?
Which of the following best describes the overlapping waves theory of problem solving in children?
a. Problem-solving strategies begin and reach peak frequency at different ages.
When compared to children, adolescents’ application of memory can be considered more
conscious
Which of the following is key to an adolescent’s application of memory strategies when compared to that of children?
relavence
Which of the following is a likely reason that Celia has a 3.7 GPA in high school and her twin brother, Roberto, has a 2.4 GPA?
celia applies more metacognition
Nate wonders how the coach of his favorite football team can talk to interviewers about specific details of every play following a game when he can barely remember what the score was at halftime. Which factor makes the coach’s memory better than Nate’s in this situation?
knowledge base
More than any other event from her younger days, Rita remembers the day her dog Skippy was hit by a car and died. Which neurological component made this memory so prominent for Rita?
amygdala
When do most older adults start to notice age-related declines in memory?
the 70’s
One of the key aspects of the selective optimization with compensation strategy is
flexibility
Which of the following statements indicate the best relationship between intelligence and creativity?
b. Intelligence and creativity have higher correlations at lower levels than at a higher level of intelligence.
Larry is 10 years old and has a mental age of 5. According to the Stanford–Binet Scale, what is Larry’s IQ?
50
Sarah is a proponent of Sternberg’s theory and researches the practical component of intelligence. Which of the following does she focus on?
situational contexts
A person who exemplifies Sternberg’s concept of successful intelligence could be described as
proactive
Which type of intelligence makes use of knowledge acquired through schooling and other life experiences?
crystallized inteligence
According to the Bayley Scales, which child’s score, concerning their age, will be the best predictor of their IQ in fourth grade?
36 month old jane
Which of the following plays a key role in the decrease of an individual’s IQ scores during childhood?
parental influence
Which of the following best reflects the concept of child poverty concerning intellectual abilities?
inhabiting in an overcrowded living space
Ten-year-old Jose ranks highest in creativity in his class. He always participates in the school’s art and craft activities. He’s able to do so because of his
ideational fluency
A particular high school sophomore got an IQ score of 118 in 1947. What would a comparable high school sophomore’s IQ be in 2017?
139
James scored an average IQ score on an intelligence test. What does this predict about his academic performance at school?
average or above average academic performance
What happens to a person’s creativity while they are in high school?
it takes a short break
Who of the following is likely to have the highest IQ?
carol a chemist
Which of the following terms characterizes the movement of a person’s IQ scores throughout adulthood?
mostly static
Which of the following statements best explains the role of biology in human intelligence?
a. Genetic factors of intelligence are dependent on environmental influences.
Which of the following best reflects the statement, “An IQ test cannot predict an individual’s IQ merely based on knowing their racial, ethnic, or cultural identity”?
a. It’s true; regarding group averages, IQ scores must range from intellectually disabled to gifted.
The concept of intellectual disability is based on two factors: intelligence and
adaptability
Which of the following types of intelligence helps with a person’s raw information processing power?
fluid
Which of the following is NOT a factor in the Characteristics of Giftedness Scale?
fitness
The Wechsler Scale WISC-V of intelligence is appropriate for which of the following ages?
6-16 years
