chapter 7 and 8

Question 1

When looking at the workings of the memory system, what is the sequence of steps that must be followed to learn and remember something?

Answer 1

a. Encoding → consolidation → storage → retrieval

Question 2

Just before the start of the marathon, Diego’s running partner says, “Hey, your shoelaces are untied!” Diego immediately bends down and ties them. Which form of memory enables this action to take place?

Answer 2

implicit memory

Question 3

While cleaning her bookshelf, Dina accidentally knocked over a lamp, which hit her head so hard that she had to be rushed to the hospital and immediately taken into surgery. Upon gaining consciousness, she had no memory of the accident. Which part of her brain was probably affected?

Answer 3

entorhinal cortex

Question 4

The strengthening of a behavioral tendency due to the removal of something unpleasant or undesirable from a situation after the behavior occurred is called

Answer 4

negative reinforcement

Question 5

Two-year-old Ted jumps up with joy whenever his mother, Susan, takes out a blue jar full of his favorite sweets from the kitchen shelf. Which form of learning is Ted demonstrating?

Answer 5

classical conditioning

Question 6

Deferred imitation is the ability to

Answer 6

imitate a novel act after a delay

Question 7

When talking about her favorite cartoon character, Lizzy, who recently turned 5 years old, mixes up two similar-looking characters. This happens because the early infant memory is

Answer 7

cue dependent and context specific

Question 8

Which type of information are infants more likely to remember in adulthood?

Answer 8

memories with maximum cues

Question 9

Which of the following statements is false about autobiographical memory in toddlers?

Answer 9

a. Language skills are not essential for facilitating autobiographical memories.

Question 10

While playing a word game, 4-year-old Carol kept forming the word pat instead of trying new words such as tap or apt from the letters A, P, and T. Which strategy of memory is she demonstrating?

Answer 10

perseveration error

Question 11

The knowledge of what you know and how you learn, as well as being able to monitor the process involved in thinking is called

Answer 11

metacognition

Question 12

Which of the following questions will provide the most useful and trustworthy information to an investigator who is interviewing a possible child abuse victim?

Answer 12

can you tell me how she did that?

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the overlapping waves theory of problem solving in children?

Answer 13

a. Problem-solving strategies begin and reach peak frequency at different ages.

Question 14

When compared to children, adolescents’ application of memory can be considered more

Answer 14

conscious

Question 15

Which of the following is key to an adolescent’s application of memory strategies when compared to that of children?

Answer 15

relavence

Question 16

Which of the following is a likely reason that Celia has a 3.7 GPA in high school and her twin brother, Roberto, has a 2.4 GPA?

Answer 16

celia applies more metacognition

Question 17

Nate wonders how the coach of his favorite football team can talk to interviewers about specific details of every play following a game when he can barely remember what the score was at halftime. Which factor makes the coach’s memory better than Nate’s in this situation?

Answer 17

knowledge base

Question 18

More than any other event from her younger days, Rita remembers the day her dog Skippy was hit by a car and died. Which neurological component made this memory so prominent for Rita?

Answer 18

amygdala

Question 19

When do most older adults start to notice age-related declines in memory?

Answer 19

the 70’s

Question 20

One of the key aspects of the selective optimization with compensation strategy is

Answer 20

flexibility

Question 21

Which of the following statements indicate the best relationship between intelligence and creativity?

Answer 21

b. Intelligence and creativity have higher correlations at lower levels than at a higher level of intelligence.

Question 22

Larry is 10 years old and has a mental age of 5. According to the Stanford–Binet Scale, what is Larry’s IQ?

Answer 22

50

Question 23

Sarah is a proponent of Sternberg’s theory and researches the practical component of intelligence. Which of the following does she focus on?

Answer 23

situational contexts

Question 24

A person who exemplifies Sternberg’s concept of successful intelligence could be described as

Answer 24

proactive

Question 25

Which type of intelligence makes use of knowledge acquired through schooling and other life experiences?

Answer 25

crystallized inteligence

Question 26

According to the Bayley Scales, which child’s score, concerning their age, will be the best predictor of their IQ in fourth grade?

Answer 26

36 month old jane

Question 27

Which of the following plays a key role in the decrease of an individual’s IQ scores during childhood?

Answer 27

parental influence

Question 28

Which of the following best reflects the concept of child poverty concerning intellectual abilities?

Answer 28

inhabiting in an overcrowded living space

Question 29

Ten-year-old Jose ranks highest in creativity in his class. He always participates in the school’s art and craft activities. He’s able to do so because of his

Answer 29

ideational fluency

Question 30

A particular high school sophomore got an IQ score of 118 in 1947. What would a comparable high school sophomore’s IQ be in 2017?

Answer 30

139

Question 31

James scored an average IQ score on an intelligence test. What does this predict about his academic performance at school?

Answer 31

average or above average academic performance

Question 32

What happens to a person’s creativity while they are in high school?

Answer 32

it takes a short break

Question 33

Who of the following is likely to have the highest IQ?

Answer 33

carol a chemist

Question 34

Which of the following terms characterizes the movement of a person’s IQ scores throughout adulthood?

Answer 34

mostly static

Question 35

Which of the following statements best explains the role of biology in human intelligence?

Answer 35

a. Genetic factors of intelligence are dependent on environmental influences.

Question 36

Which of the following best reflects the statement, “An IQ test cannot predict an individual’s IQ merely based on knowing their racial, ethnic, or cultural identity”?

Answer 36

a. It’s true; regarding group averages, IQ scores must range from intellectually disabled to gifted.

Question 37

The concept of intellectual disability is based on two factors: intelligence and

Answer 37

adaptability

Question 38

Which of the following types of intelligence helps with a person’s raw information processing power?

Answer 38

fluid

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a factor in the Characteristics of Giftedness Scale?

Answer 39

fitness

Question 40

The Wechsler Scale WISC-V of intelligence is appropriate for which of the following ages?

Answer 40

6-16 years