chapter 1 and 2 Flashcards
(40 cards)
As the changes that occur over time are patterned and orderly, human development is considered what kind of process?
systematic
Agnes recently moved to a long-term care facility after seven decades on the farm where she was born because it was unsafe for her to live there alone. From a developmental perspective, which term best describes Agnes?
biologically aging
Julie and her family recently relocated from a metropolitan city, where her entire education was done, to her native village—which is a total contrast for her in terms of dressing styles, culture, and technology—and she is finding it difficult to adjust. Which best explains Julie’s situation?
cultural differences
Many people around the age of 40 experience a midlife crisis, in which they look at what they have accomplished, wonder if they are on the right track, and often decide to make some changes. What is the basis for this feeling of personal crisis?
social clock
Which of the following would NOT be considered to be a strong guiding factor for someone who supports the nature perspective of development?
parent behaviors
If you interviewed a developmental scientist today regarding the nature–nurture debate, which opinion would they likely offer?
that nature and nurture work together
Which of these goals of studying human development could be considered solutions-based?
optimization
According to developmental theories, the family members of an infant come under which of these environmental systems?
microsystem
Seven-year-old Jerry was taken in by his loving, suburban grandparents after his mother was jailed for prostitution and selling crack cocaine. In less than a year, Jerry’s reading and math scores increased by 60%. Which of the following played a primary role in Jerry’s improved academic performance?
plasticity
After retirement, Surlene has become a whiz at crossword puzzles and other word games. She just wishes her creaky old knees would still let her play volleyball like she used to. Surlene’s experience is an example of which aspect of human development?
multidirectional
Which of the following is considered to be the foundation of the scientific method?
data
A researcher who is a strong proponent of the role of nature in human development would likely favor which of the following data collection methods?
physiological measurement
Dr. Hazar recently completed data collection on an adult subject who was born with a rare birth defect. Once she completes her research, she hopes to have it published in a scientific journal to share valuable insights with others who are studying this condition. Which research method did Dr. Hazar likely utilize?
case study
Which of the following research methods offers the most perspective on a causal relationship between two factors?
experimental
Carol has identified a group of 5-year-old boys to be studied in her cross-sectional research design. Which other group will she likely include in this research?
10 year old boys
The famous Framingham Heart Study has been tracking the cardiovascular health of a cohort—and subsequent generations—since 1948. Which type of research design does this study employ?
longitudinal
In Henrich’s perspective on psychology, as being the study of WEIRD people, that means the subjects are Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and ________.
democratic
After Liam graduated from a prestigious Ivy League college, he set up a clinic in a poor community in Alabama because he believed that his esteemed Northeastern background would enable him to best understand and solve the problems of Southerners. From a developmental research perspective, which term best describes Liam?
ethnocentric
When an institutional review board is working to determine whether a particular research study is ethical, it focuses on the ________.
potential risks and benefits
In mapping out the schedule for his research experiments, David adds 10 minutes at the end of each session to meet with the participant. What will likely occur in this brief period?
debriefing
According to Darwin’s theory of evolution, genetic variations exist within a species to support which of the following?
adaptation
One hundred years from now, developmental scientists will refer to the advent of the Internet and smartphone technology as an example of ________.
cultural evolution
Through which process does a female produce a particular number of reproductive cells and a male produce certain viable reproductive cells?
meiosis; 1; 4
Landon is a highly paid supermodel based on his height, athletic build, and striking good looks. He can attribute some of this success to his ________, which was biologically contributed by his parents.
genotype
