chapter 3 and 4 Flashcards
Katie knows she needs to be careful with what she eats and drinks during her first trimester of pregnancy because a key aspect of development called ________ takes place during this period.
organogenises
What could be considered an evolutionary protective mechanism that occurs frequently during the germinal period?
miscarriage
During the process of differentiation, what is the focus of neural differentiation that occurs at the fetal period?
function
Where does the central nervous system of an embryo evolve from?
ectoderm
A mother of a two-year-old is aggravated by the child’s extraordinarily fussy behavior, which leads to tense interactions with the child. Which of the following best describes the child’s behavior?
intake of cocaine during the prenatal period
Which of the following best reflects the concept of fetal programming?
A woman experiences a hurricane while pregnant, and the child’s genes are marked to be highly sensitive to stress.
A woman who ingests recreational drugs while pregnant, causing decreased attention and intelligence in her child and her grandchild, demonstrates which of the following?
fetal programming
Relative to other substances, which of the following would be classified as a low-risk teratogen for pregnant women?
caffeine
When the prenatal history of a child exhibiting impulsive behavior and attention deficit is taken, which of the following will best explain the reason behind the child’s impulsivity?
mother’s smoking habit during pregnancy
Which of the following women is in an age group that is most likely to give birth to healthy twins?
36 year old
A lesbian couple recently asked their friend Paul if he would donate sperm so they can conceive a child. Paul was honored by the request but declined because he was concerned about the child having an increased risk for developing schizophrenia later in life. How old is Paul?
53
The family members of a new mother find her moody, anxious, and depressed after delivery. What is this condition called?
baby blues
Which of the following is commonly used for painless delivery in the United States?
epidural
Which of the following is the adverse effect of extremely low birth weight on babies?
cognitive deficit
When comparing the cultural practices surrounding delivery, Western society tends to view childbirth as being a more ________ aspect of human experience.
specialized
Keyshawn’s friends have been teasing him about the weight he’s put on since his wife got pregnant. They tell him that his wife is supposed to be “eating for two,” not him! What is the real psychological condition Keyshawn is experiencing?
couvade
When compared to the early 1970s, what changes have occurred in the rate of breastfeeding in the United States?
it has tripled
Which of these choices is one of the advantages of breast milk over formula?
breast milk is more of a medicine than a food for babies who are born premature, as it helps with the immune system and weight gain
When Robin was born, she weighed under 3 pounds. She also struggled with respiratory problems due to a lack of ________ in her lungs.
surfactant
Kangaroo care provided to the low birth-weight babies demonstrates the value of ________ when caring for at-risk newborns.
contact
Caleb is a big fan of science fiction, so he loves picturing a gland as the captain of his personal starship, pulling levers and issuing orders to guide his body through the journey of development. Which gland does Caleb love to picture?
pituitary
Which part of the nervous system acts as a connection between two neurons?
synapse
Which of the following best explains the cephalocaudal principle?
The head becomes a smaller proportion of total body height as a person develops.
According to the proximodistal principle of growth, which of the following is the “youngest” part of a newborn’s body?
toes
A newborn’s eyes automatically blink in response to a puff of air. Which best explains this response of the baby?
reflexes
Thinking about the brain as a complex communications network, development during infancy can best be described as which of the following?
plugging in cables and wires
Which of the following reflexes is also known as the startle reflex, which is present at birth and indicates normal neurological development?
moro reflex
Terrell is 8 months old. How much of his sleep time is spent actively processing information that he has taken in over the course of his busy day?
25%
Kalini is reading her book report aloud to her second grade class. Which of the following will draw upon the right hemisphere of the brain during Kalini’s presentation?
the volume she speaks in to be heard
Hakim just started the third grade. Compared to his 2-year-old sister Aliyah, Hakim’s physical behavior is more ________.
adaptive
A child’s BMI is a useful tool for tracking which of the following?
obesity
Laurie is just starting seventh grade, where she will face many new cognitive and social challenges. As she looks over her tough schedule of classes for the term, what is happening to the white matter in her brain?
myelination
What is triggered by the increase in the level of growth hormones circulating through the body during adolescence?
adolescent growth spurt
Whose body is just beginning the process of sexual maturation?
dante who is 7 years old
John is very energetic, strong, and physically fit, and he actively participates in sports. At which stage of development is he now?
adolescense
A retiree who decides to attend college and finally get a bachelor’s degree will activate which of the following?
neurogenesis
To safeguard neurons and neural connections and to repair or heal our brain comes under which cognitive concepts?
maintenance
Ron knew that as he got older, he would likely experience a decrease in sexual hormones similar to his wife’s menopause. But when it happened, he was surprised that it caused ________.
problems remembering things
What common change that occurs as adults get older would likely require them altering their daily routines to maintain optimal health?
slowing metabolism
Name one of the factors that influence health and wellness during childhood?
physical activity
