Chapter 7

Question 1

Which gender have more freedom to resist the gender binary but what results?

Answer 1

• Women, however doing femininity is compulsory

- women have to assume gender performances that harm them as individuals and produce group disadvantage

Question 2

How is cheerleading gendered now?

Answer 2

• classified as a hobby and not a sport
• they wear sexy outfits
• they are a female auxiliary to sport not the serious main event

Question 3

Do parents encourage or discourage masculine behaviour from women?

Answer 3

-they encourage it

Question 4

What is the masculine and feminine balance and an example?

Answer 4

• if women do masculine things they must also do something feminine
• an example is presenting oneself as sexy

Question 5

What is the feminine apologetic?

Answer 5

• a woman’s performance of femininity can soothe others concerns about her masculinity
• she’s allowed to do what she wants as long as she sends clear signals that she wants men’s approval

Question 6

Who may be forced to perform a feminine apologetic?

Answer 6

• women who already have ascribed masculinity

- queer and Black women

Question 7

How is femininity implicitly white?

Answer 7

• an example of hair, nice natural blonde waves

- Black women have to decide to leave their hair natural or get a wig etc

Question 8

What are Pariah femininities?

Answer 8

-ways of being a woman that by directly challenging male dominance are aggressively policed

Question 9

Whatever is deemed feminine will be subject to what?

Answer 9

• the three relations of gender inequality

- sexism, androcentrism, subordination

Question 10

What is benevolent sexism?

Answer 10

-the attribution of positive traits to women that justify women’s subordination to men

Question 11

What is hostile sexism?

Answer 11

-the use of harassment, threats and violence to enforce women’s subservience to men

Question 12

Because power is gendered, the requirement to do femininity is what?

Answer 12

-to do femininity is to do subordination

Question 13

What is the language of subordination?

Answer 13

• hedging: I’d kind of, it seems like
• hyper politeness: I’d appreciate it, if you don’t mind
• questions in response to questions

Question 14

What is aggrieved entitlement?

Answer 14

-anger about something that men believe they own or deserve that is being unjustly taken or withheld

Question 15

What is misogyny?

Answer 15

Men’s fear and hatred of women with power

Question 16

How do women experience self harm or victim blaming?

Answer 16

-they relate a mans violence back on themselves and how they were responsible for it

Question 17

How do women make patriarchal bargains?

Answer 17

-women do it to attempt to perfect a performance of femininity in exchange for the support of a man who will share his privilege with her

Question 18

What is emphatic sameness?

Answer 18

• downplaying femininity in exchange for masculinity

- androcentric approach by women

Question 19

Is emphatic sameness always possible?

Answer 19

-no, the strategy is only possible in specific contexts

Question 20

Why is emphatic sameness bad?

Answer 20

-because it involves the denigration of femininity

Question 21

What is a double bind and what is an example in Western societies?

Answer 21

• a situation in which cultural expectations are contradictory, making success unattainable
• in Western societies, to be powerful is to fail as a women and to be a successful women is to give up power

Question 22

Define feminism

Answer 22

The belief that all men and women should have equal rights and opportunities