Chapter 7 Flashcards
Ethnicity
identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth
race
identity with a group of people who are perceived to share a physiological trait
nationality
identity with a group of people who share legal attachment to a particular country.
nationality and ethnicity are…
place based
ethnicity is?
immutable
Ethnicity is an important part of?
local diversity
Cultural trait derive from?
particular conditions and practices in the group’s homeland
how ethnicity does differ from language & religion?
ethnicity stands as the strongest bulwark for the preservation of local diversity.
top 3 ethnicity’s in the US
Hispanic, African american, Asian american
Hispanics
someone who can claim heritage from a Spanish speaking country
latino/latina
someone who claims Latin american descent
chicino/chicina
mexican americans
latinix
latin american, no gender stated
how do latin americans self identify
by country of orgin
why is it hard to find out african americans ethnicity
because 300 years ago the slave trade happened and there were no certain countries yet.
Descendants of indigenous peoples in the United States
Native American, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian
descendants of the indigenous people in Canada
First Nations, Inuit, and Métis
racism
belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities
what were the 1st races
free whites, other free people, and slaves
where are Hispanics clustered
southwest
where are African Americans clustered
southeast
where are asian americans clustered
west
where are native americans clusetered
southwest and north and alaska
ethnic enclave
a place with a high concentration of an ethnic group that is distinct from those in the surrounding area
where are most enclaves found
in big cities
what support is offered at enclaves
economic support
enthoburb
a suburban area with a cluster of a particular ethnic population.
For descendants of European immigrants, ethnic identity is less-reliant on
location of residence
Brazil’s population is similar to U.S. in that:
Like the United States, Brazil is composed of people whose ancestors emigrated from many places
where are brazilians ancestors from
portugal, west africa, europe, southwest africa
brazil has a large number of
indigenous people
what are the races in brazil
white, brown, yellow, black, indigenous
The clustering of African Americans in the U.S. reflects…
slavery and jim crow laws
Most African Americans are descendants of people who participated in
forced migration
which amendment banned slavery
13th
what did african americans work as at then end of the civil war?
sharecroppers
pull factors of interregional migration of African Americans
factory jobs
push factors of interregional migration of African Americans
jim crow laws
what were african american neighborhoods called
ghettos
what is white flight
migration of inner cities to outer ones
what is blockbusting
real estate agents convinced white homeowners to sell there houses at a lower price to promote racial fear
Through the Fair Housing Act of 1968 banned residential segregation, many U.S. residential areas are
still divided along racial/ethnic lines. This is an example of
de facto
apartheid
legal seperation of races into geographic areas
what were homelands
south african governments designated 10 homelands and expected all blacks to move there
De facto segregation still exists in what area of life?
economic equality
Nationality stems from…
voting, obtaining a passport, and civic duties
ethnicity stems from…
religion, language, and material culture
controversy surrounding the status of Quebecois in Canada
- quebecois form a distinct cultural tradition from other candatons, especially in regard to language
- should be considered a distinct ethnicity within canada
how many British isles are inhabited
133
how many sections is the UK divided into
4
the irish were ruled by who until england conquered ireland
the celtics
What country exercises the greatest degree of autonomy over its affairs and has recently pushed for independence from the U.K.
scotland
nationalism
loyalty and devotion to a nationality
centripetal force
force that brings a country together
centrifugal force
a force that splits people apart
In southwest and central Asia, many ethnicities do not correspond with a…
nationality
ethnic cleansing
a purposeful policy designed by one ethnicity or religion to remove by violence and terror inspiring means the civilian population of another ethnic or religious group from certain geographic areas.
How is ethnic cleansing different from traditional wars?
in a war the point is to defeat an enemy but an ethnic cleansing is to get rid of a group
What/where are the Balkans? What countries are in this region?
named after the balkan mountains, includes the countries of greece, albania, bulgaria, and romania
When/why was Yugoslavia created?
so the balkans could have an ethnic home
Why did Yugoslavia break apart in 1992?
episodes of ethnic cleansing
Where (3 regions) and why did ethnic cleansing occur after the break-up of Yugoslavia?
Croats, serts, and bosniak
Compared to the other republics of the former Yugoslavia, Bosnia & Herzegovina was…
most ethnically diverse republic
Describe the ethnic cleansing in Bosnia & Herzegovina
they wanted the whole region to convert, they used tourtue, murder, and assault to get people to convert. they became mainy serb.
balkinized
that there’s a small geographic area that cannot be successfully organized because of the large number of ethnic groups who are antagonistic toward each other
balkinization
break up of a state due to fighting for ethnicities
genocide
mass killing of people to make sure a group of people don’t exist
In Africa ethnic identity has been more important than
national identity
