Chapter 7,9: Chemistry & Nutrition

Question 1

State of matter that is rigid with size and shape (ice)

Answer 1

Solids

Question 2

Matter that has volume and no shape (water)

Answer 2

Liquids

Question 3

Matter without shape and size, no volume; takes shape of container

Answer 3

Gases

Question 4

Characteristics determined by chemical reaction and a chemical change in identity of the substance

Answer 4

Chemical properties

Question 5

Characteristics determined without a chemical reaction and doesn’t cause chemical change in identity of the substance

Answer 5

Physical properties

Question 6

Combination of 2 or more substances united physically without fixed composition in any proportions

Answer 6

Physical mixure

Question 7

Rapid oxidation of any substance, accompanied by production of heat and light

Answer 7

Combustion

Question 8

Reduce surface tension between skin and product to increase the products spreadablility; allow oil and water to mix/emulsify

Answer 8

Surfactants

Question 9

Unstable mixtures of 2 or more immiscible substances

Answer 9

Suspension

Question 10

Uniform mixture of 2 or more mutually miscible substances

Answer 10

Solution

Question 11

Oil droplets dispersed into water with aid of emulsion agent

Answer 11

Oil-in-water emulsion

Question 12

Emulsion droplets water dispersed into an oil

Answer 12

Water-in-oil emulsion

Question 13

Nutrients that make up largest part of nutrition we take in; 3 basic food groups (protein, carbohydrates, fat)

Answer 13

Macronutrients

Question 14

Vitamins/substances that have no calories or nutritional value but essential for body functions

Answer 14

Micronutrients

Question 15

Organic acids that form building blocks of protein

Answer 15

Amino acids

Question 16

Acids that are synthesized by body and not have to obtain for diet

Answer 16

Nonessential amino acids

Question 17

Combination of 2 incomplete foods; proteins eaten together provide all essential amino acids and make complete protein

Answer 17

Complementary foods

Question 18

Compounds that break down basic chemical sugars and supply energy

Answer 18

Carbohydrates

Question 19

“ATP”; Substance that provide energy to cells and converts oxygen to Carbon Dioxide

Answer 19

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 20

Carbohydrate- lipid complexes that are good water-binders

Answer 20

Mucopolysaccharides

Question 21

Water-binding substances between fibers of dermis

Answer 21

Glycosaminoglycans

Question 22

Blood glucose/sugar drops too low (too much insulin or low food intake)

Answer 22

Hypoglycemia

Question 23

Carbohydrates made up of one basic sugar unit

Answer 23

Monosaccharides

Question 24

Sugars made up of 2 sugars (lactose, sucrose)

Answer 24

Disaccharides

Question 25

Carbohydrates that have 3 or more carbohydrate molecules

Answer 25

Polysaccharides

Question 26

Macronutrients to produce energy in body; materials in sebaceous glands that lubricate the skin

Answer 26

Fats

Question 27

a "good" polyunsaturated that decreases cardiovascular diseases, anti inflammatory and beneficial to skin

Answer 27

Omega-3 fatty acids

Question 28

Used to make important hormones and maintain lipid barrier

Answer 28

Omega-6 fatty acids

Question 29

Waxy substance in body needed to produce hormones; Vitamin D & bile; protects nerves and for structure of cell

Answer 29

Cholesterol

Question 30

Measure of heat units; measures food and energy for body

Answer 30

Calories

Question 31

Catalysts that break down complex food molecules food molecules to utilize extracted energy

Answer 31

Enzymes

Question 32

Amino acid molecules used in all cell functions and the body growth

Answer 32

Proteins

Question 33

"Retinol"; antioxidant acids in the functioning and repair of skin cells

Answer 33

Vitamin A

Question 34

Interact with other water-soluble vitamins and act as catalysts to facilitate enzymic reactions

Answer 34

B vitamins

Question 35

Antioxidant vitamin needed for repair of skin and tissues; promotes production of collagen in skin dermis tissues; acids in skin promote healing

Answer 35

Vitamin C

Question 36

Fat-soluble vitamin called "sunshine vitamin"; causes skin to synthesize from cholesterol when exposed to sunlight; helps growth and development

Answer 36

Vitamin D

Question 37

"Tocopherol"; antioxidant that helps protect skin from harmful effects of sun rays

Answer 37

Vitamin E

Question 38

Responsible for synthesis of factors necessary for blood coagulation

Answer 38

Vitamin K

Question 39

inorganic materials required for reactions of cells an body

Answer 39

Minerals

Question 40

"Vitamin P"; an aid to healthy skin and found abundantly in citrus fruit

Answer 40

Bioflavored

Question 41

Derivative that has demonstrated ability to alter collagen synthesis and is used to treat acne and visible signs of aging

Answer 41

Retinoic acid

Question 42

A vitamin that has been added to a food product

Answer 42

Fortified