Chapter 7: 7.3 Considerations for Electrophilic Aromatic Substitutions

Question 1

True or False:

Substituents on the aromatic ring have no effect on the rate of an EAS reaction

Answer 1

False, they greatly impact the rate of an EAS reaction

Question 2

Describe:

Electron-donating groups

Answer 2

• Have lone pairs
• Activate the benzene ring and accelerate the reaction

Question 3

Describe:

Electron-withdrawing groups

Answer 3

• Have multiple bonds
• Activate the benzene ring and decelerate the reaction

Question 4

Substituents on aromatic rings play a role in the —————- of an EAS reaction

Answer 4

Regioselectivity

Question 5

In terms of regioselectivity:

What do electron-donating groups favour?

Answer 5

Favour EAS reactions in the ortho and para positions

Question 6

In terms of regioselectivity:

What do electron-withdrawing groups favour?

Answer 6

Favour EAS reactions in the meta position

Question 7

List:

Substituents based on their directing effect

Answer 7

Strongest directors
* Amines
* Alcohols
* Ethers

Medium directors
* Amides
* Esters

Weak directors
* Alkyls
* Halogens