Chapter 6: 6.2 Acid-Catalyzed Hydration

Question 1

List:

Characteristics of Acid-Catalyzed Reactions

Answer 1

1. Occur in multiple steps, classified as an “ionic” reactions
2. Proceed via a carbocation intermediate
3. Have Markovnikov addition for a regiochemical outcome
4. Have addition at the carbocation intermediate from topa dn bottom face with 50/50 distribution to give mixed stereochemical distribution

Question 2

What does a hydration reaction mean?

Answer 2

Means the addition of water (H2O)

Question 3

Why are the typical strong acids used in acid-catalyzed hydrations?

Answer 3

• Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
• Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

Question 4

State:

Steps of Acid-Catalyzed Hydrations

Answer 4

1. Addition of the hydrogen atom from the acid to the alkene to generate a carbocation
2. There may be carbocation rearrangement
3. Nucleophilic attack of the water nucleophile onto the carbocation
4. Deprotonation of the OH2+ group to regenerate the catalyst and generate the OH group