Chapter 7

Question 1

Verbal communication

Answer 1

The exchange of spoken or written language with others during interactions.

Question 2

What are the five characteristics of language?

Answer 2

1. Symbolic: Words are the primary symbols that we use to represent people, objects, events, and ideas.
2. Governed by rules
3. Flexible: People often bend the rules of a language
4. Cultural
5. Evolves over time

Question 3

Constitutive rules

Answer 3

define word meaning: they tell us which words represent which objects. Vocabulary

ex: The word dog refers to a domestic canine.

Question 4

Regulative rules

Answer 4

govern how we use language when we verbally communicate. Guide everything from spelling, to sentence structure, to conversation. Grammar etc.

Question 5

What are the 6 functions of verbal communication?

Answer 5

1. Sharing meaning ( when you use language to communicate you use denotative and connotative meanings).
2. Shaping thought and perceptions of reality
3. Naming: creating linguistic symbols for objects
4. Performing Actions: Make requests, issue invitations, deliver commands etc.
5. Crafting conversations: interactive, locally managed, universal, and uses scripts.
6. Managing relationships by declaring powerful intimate feelings to others.

Question 6

Linguistic determinism

Answer 6

The view that the language we use defines the boundaries of our thinking. We cannot conceive of that for which we have no word for. We cannot interpret the world in neutral ways.

Question 7

Linguistic relativity

Answer 7

The theory that language creates variations in the ways cultures perceive and think about the world. People from different cultures would perceive and think about the world in very different ways.