Chapter 7 Flashcards
Group
Two or more people interacting interdependently to achieve a common goal
Formal work groups
Groups that are established by organizations to facilitate the achievement of organizational goals
Informal groups
Groups that emerge naturally in response to the common interests of organizational members
Stages of Group Development
Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning
Punctuated equilibrium model
A model of group development that describes how groups with deadlines are affected by their first meetings and crucial midpoint transitions.
Additive tasks
Tasks in which group performance is dependent on the sum of the performance of individual group members
Disjunctive tasks
Tasks in which group performance is dependent on the performance of the best group member.
Process losses
Group performance difficulties stemming from the problems of motivating and coordinating larger groups
Conjunctive tasks
Tasks in which group performance is limited by the performance of the poorest group member
Norms
Collective expectations that members of social units have regarding the behaviour of each other
Roles
Positions in a group that have a set of expected behaviours attached to them
Role ambiguity
Lack of clarity of job goals or methods
Status
The rank, social position, or prestige accorded to group members
Group cohesiveness
The degree to which a group is attractive to its members
Social loafing
The tendency to withhold physical or intellectual effort when performing a group task
