Chapter 7

Question 1

Absolute zero:

Answer 1

Temperature where the motion of atoms stop all together.

Question 2

Blackbody:

Answer 2

A hypothetical body that is a perfect absorber at all wavelengths.

Question 3

Fission:

Answer 3

A heavy nucleus is split into two less massive nucleus.

Question 4

fusion:

Answer 4

Two light nucleus combine to produce a more massive nucleus

Question 5

half-life:

Answer 5

The length of time it takes for an isotope to decline in number by a factor of two.

Question 6

hydrostatic equilibrium:

Answer 6

Gas pressure is perfectly balanced from all sides.

Question 7

Isotope

Answer 7

Nuclei that are composed of the same element but differ in their number of neutrons.

Question 8

accretion

Answer 8

the gradual accumulation from small pieces of matter

Question 9

accretional heating

Answer 9

the significant generation of heat produced from accretion

Question 10

albedo

Answer 10

the fraction of light that gets reflected from striking a body

Question 11

conduction

Answer 11

collisions among the particles in a gas liquid or solide

Question 12

convection

Answer 12

energy is carried by pocket or currents of a gas or liquid from hotter to cooler regions

Question 13

exosphere

Answer 13

part of the atmosphere where where atoms can escape

Question 14

radiative transfer

Answer 14

electromagnetic radiation carries energy from the hotter to the cooler region. i.e. sunlight

Question 15

solar constant

Answer 15

the rate at which energy strikes a surface directly facing the sun.

Question 16

stefan-Boltzmann law

Answer 16

as temp of a black body increases, all wave lengths grow brighter.

Question 17

Wien’s law

Answer 17

hotter=shorter wave length=bluer Colder=longer wave length=redder