Chapter 7 Flashcards
Implicit beliefs
unconscious, personal beliefs about the world that evolve slowly over time.
Implicit theory
a set of tacit assumptions by a person about how some phenomenon works.
Learning (or mastery) goals
goals in which individuals seek to improve their competence
Performance goals
goals in which individuals seek to prove their competence
Implications of learning vs. performance goals
Students attuned to learning goals are more likely to persist in the face of task difficulty, more likely to attribute success to internal, controllable causes such as strategy use and effort, and have a preference for challenge and risk taking. Students attuned to performance goals are more likely to become frustrated and defensive when confronted with a challenging task, tend to attribute failure to external, uncontrollable causes such as luck or teachers, or to internal uncontrollable causes such as lack of ability, and show an undue concern for demonstrating high performance compared to others.
Reflective judgment
One’s ability to analyze critically multiple facets of a problem, reach an informed conclusion, and justify one’s response as systematically as possible.
Reflective Judgment Model
Developed by Kitchener & King. Has 7 stages to describe the level of reflective judgment exhibited by an individual, based on the certainty of a knowledge claim, the process by which we acquire knowledge, and the type of evidence used to justify one’s world view.
What affects reflective judgment?
Experience (e.g. age, education, and home environment) and belief system about knowledge and knowing.
Agency
The “will” component of hope. An individual’s sense of self-determination and perseverance when faced with challenges.
Pathways
The “way” of hope. Refers to how well an individual can generate workable solutions to those challenges.
