Chapter 7 Flashcards
The social and cultural impact of war
What proportion of women made up the workforce by 1918?
1/3
What percentage of shell factory workers were women?
80%
What was the increase of female workers in transport from 1914 to 1918?
18,000 in 1914 to 117,000 in 1918
How many women were serving in auxillary services and what services were they?
150,000 as clerks, drivers, wireless operators, mechanics and fitters
What did the 1919 Sex Disqualification Act achieve?
Women could no longer be barred from a career in the law or Civil Service
What were limitations to the social change brought on by female employment?
Strong emphasis on women’s traditional roles such as bringing up children and nursing the wounded
How many female domestic servants were there in 1918?
1.2 million
How much had female employment changed by 1921?
It was little different to employment levels in 1911
How did the 1918 Representation of the People Act triple the electorate?
All men aged over 21 became entitled to the vote, women over 30 were entited to vote if they were married, a graduate or a property owner
How did mine owners try to compete with foreign coal imports post-war?
They cut wages and lengthened working hours
When did the National Miner’s Strike begin?
1st April 1921
What potential alliance was forming during the strike?
One between the miners, the railway and transport workers
What was the failed alliance between the strikers termed?
It changed from the ‘triple alliance’ to the ‘cripple alliance’
What societal beliefs did the war challenge?
Behaviour, morality, religious practices, role of women, social mobility
How were class divisions not fully broken down during the war?
Working-class women were involved with the munitions whilst middle-class women were often involved with nursing
