Chapter 7 Flashcards
What do bones support the storage and release of?
Calcium
How many bones are in the Axial skeleton?
80 bones including the skull bones, auditory ossicles, hyoid bone, ribs, sternum, and vertebrae.
What are the types of bones?
Long bone- greater length and width.
Short bones- cube-shaped
Flat bones- thin layers of parallel plates.
Irregular bones- complex shapes
Sesamoid bones- shaped like a sesame seed.
What are Sutural Bones?
Bone plates(flat bone) are located within the sutures of cranial bones.
What are Sutures?
jointed areas of flat bones.
How many cranial bones are there? What are the names of each of them?
8 bones:
1. Frontal bone
2. (x2) Parietal bones
3. (x2) Temporal bones
4. Sphenoid bone.
5. Ethmoid bone
6. Occipital bone.
What are the two major types of surface markings? What do they do?
Depressions and Openings: Allow the passage of soft tissues (nerves, blood vessels, ligaments, and tendons). Form joints.
Processes: Projections that form joints. Act as attachment points for ligaments and tendons.
What are the types of Depressions and Openings? What are they used for?
- Fissure- Narrow slit between parts of bones where nerves or blood vessels pass.
- Foramen- Opening through which blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments pass.
- Fossa- Shallow depression
- Sulcus- Furrow along the bone surface.
- Meatus- Tubelike opening.
What are the types of Processes and what are they used for?
- Condyle- Large round bump. Forms joints.
- Facet- smooth flat surface. Forms joints.
- Head- Rounded articular projection supported on neck. Forms joints
Forms attachment points for connective tissue.
- Crest- prominent ridge.
- Epicondyle- projection above condyle.
- Line- Long narrow ridge or border.
- Spinous Process- Sharp, slender projection.
- Trochanter- Very large projection.
- Tubercle- rounded projection.
- Tuberosity- projection with a rough bumpy surface.
What does the Frontal bone form and what are the structures?
The frontal bone forms the forehead, the roofs of the orbit (eye sockets), and most of the anterior part of the cranial base.
It’s also attached to the coronal suture.
What do the Parietal and Temporal bones form and what are the structures?
The two Parietal bones form the greater portions of the sides and roof of the cranial cavity.
It includes a sagittal suture running between the two parietal bones. Attached to the Coronal suture, the Squamous suture, and the Lamboid suture.
The two Temporal bones form the inferior lateral aspects of the cranial cavity and part of the cranial base.
It includes the Squamous suture, the lambdoid suture, the ear, the zygomatic process, and the mastoid process.
What does the internal auditory meatus consist of?
The Malleus, the incus, and the stapes.
What does the occipital bone form and what are the structures?
Forms the posterior part of the cranial cavity and most of the cranial base.
It includes the lambdoid suture, sutural bones, occipital condyle, and the foramen magnum.
