Chapter 7 Flashcards
Pathogen definition
Anything that has potential to cause disease
Modes of transmission
Direct or indirect contact
Droplets, physical contact, bodily fluids, surfaces, vectors, food, airbourne
Virus structure
Nucleic acid surrounded by protein capsule surrounded by lipid envelope
Bacteria structure
Nucleic acid, ribosomes, will have a capsule/cell wall, often have flagella may have a slime layer
Bacteria shape
Cocci circles
Bacilli rods
Spirilla spirals
Vibrio commas
Examples of diseases and specific vectors
Lyme disease ticks
Plague fleas from rodents
Malaria mosquitoes
Role of the lymph system in immunity
Universal vacuum has lots of foreign mateal, debris, pathogens etc
Has alot of lymphocytes to fight them
Types of antibiotic
Narrow - use second more specific to bacteria (gram neg or pos)
Broad - use first works on more bacteria
Bactericidal - kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic - stops from reproducing
Antigen definition
Anything that is capable of causing an immune response
How bacteria affect the body
Toxins, or allergic response
How viruses affect the body
Overtake and kill cells
Antibodies
Neutralize toxins
Stick bacteria together
Precipitate soluble antigens
Tags cells for destruction
Live attenuated vaccines
Weak version of live pathogen
Work very well
Measles and mumps
Not for immunocompromised
Inacticated vaccines
Dead pathogen
Eg. Polio
Often needs a booster
Toxoid vaccines
Weakened toxin
Tetanus
