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A&P Chapter 5-8 > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Skeletal system divided into what two portions

A

Axial
Appendicular

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2
Q

Axial potion of skeleton consists of

A

Skull, thorax, spinal column bones

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3
Q

Appendicular portion of skeleton consists of?

A

Arms, legs, and pelvic bones

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4
Q

Bone that is long, narrow and has expanded ends

A

Long bone

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5
Q

Bones that are cube like

A

Short bones

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6
Q

Bones that are plate like; broad surfaces

A

Flat bones

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7
Q

Bones that are in a variety of shapes, most connected to several other bones

A

Irregular bones

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8
Q

Expanded end of bone

A

Epiphysis

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9
Q

The shaft of bone

A

Diaphysis

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10
Q

Portions of bone between diaphysis and epiphysis, widening part

A

Metaphysis

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11
Q

Covers epiphysis

A

Articular cartilage

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12
Q

Encloses bone; dense connective tissue

A

Periosteum

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13
Q

Makes up outside of bone (hard)

A

Compact bone

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14
Q

Makes up epiphyses (soft)

A

Spongy bone

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15
Q

Makes up spongy bone

A

Trabeculae

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16
Q

Hollow chamber in diaphysis; contains marrow

A

Medullary cavity

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17
Q

Lines bone cavity

A

Endosteum

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18
Q

Red or yellow, lines medullary cavity, spongy bone space

A

Marrow

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19
Q

Mature bone cells

A

Osteocytes

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20
Q

Chambers occupied by osteocytes

A

Lacunae

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21
Q

Tiny passageways through which the cell processes of osteocytes exchange nutrients and wastes

A

Canaliculi

22
Q

Gives bone resilience

A

Collagen

23
Q

Makes bone hard

A

Inorganic salts

24
Q

Provides shape to body, support body structures, protects body structure, aid body movement, contains tissues that produce blood cells, stores inorganic salts

A

Bones

25
Q

A condition that results from the loss of bone mineralization

A

Osteoporosis

26
Q

Blood calcium level is regulated by

A

Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin

27
Q

About 70% of bone matrix consists of inorganic mineral salts the most abundant salt is

A

Hydroxyapatite (calcium phosphate)

28
Q

Bones form when bone tissue replaces existing connective tissue in one of two ways. Which are

A

Intramembranous bones
Endochondral bones

29
Q

Break down calcified matrix

A

Osteoclast

30
Q

Replace cartilage with bone tissue

A

Osteoblasts

31
Q

Calcium absorption; deficiency causes rickets, osteomalacia (vitamin)

A

Vitamin D

32
Q

Osteoblast and osteoclast activity; deficiency retards bone development(vitamin)

A

Vitamin A

33
Q

Collagen synthesis; deficiency results in slender, fragile bones (vitamin)

A

Vitamin C

34
Q

Stimulates cartilage cell division (hormone)

A

Growth hormone

35
Q

Number of bones in body

A

206

36
Q

Axial skeleton has how many bones

A

80 bones

37
Q

Appendicular skeleton has how many bones

A

126 bones

38
Q

Fibrous membranes that connect cranial bones, change shape slightly at birth, four major…………… close between 2 months and 2 years

A

Fontanels (soft spots)

39
Q

Protects spinal cord in vertebral canal, 33 bones in infant, 26 in adults

A

Vertebral column

40
Q

Cervical vertebrae has how many vertebrae

A

7

41
Q

Thoracic vertebrae has how many vertebrae

A

12

42
Q

Lumbar vertebrae has how many vertebrae

A

5

43
Q

Sacral vertebrae has how many vertebrae

A

5 fused

44
Q

Coccyx has how many vertebrae

A

4 fused

45
Q

Humans have how many ribs

A

12

46
Q

How many ribs are true or vertebrosternal; directly connect to sternum

A

7

47
Q

How many are false ribs

A

5

48
Q

How many false ribs are vertebrochondrial ribs

A

3

49
Q

How many false ribs are vertebral or “floating ribs”

A

2

50
Q

Three parts of the sternum (breastbone)

A

Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process

A&P Chapter 5-8 (4 decks)

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