Chapter 7-10 Flashcards

1
Q

The value that replaces concentration in a thermodynamically correct equilibrium expression. The activity of X is given by Ax = [X]yx is the activity coefficient and [X] is the concentration

A

Activity, A

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2
Q

The number by which the concentration must be multiplied to give activity

A

Activity coefficient

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3
Q

A statement that the sum of all positive charge in solution equals the magnitude of the sum of all negative charge in solution

A

Charge balance

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4
Q

Gives the activity coefficient, y, of an ion as a function of ionic strength, u

A

Debye-Hückel equation

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5
Q

The region of solution around an ion or a charged particle. It contains an excess of oppositely charged ions

A

Ionic atmosphere

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6
Q

A measure of the total concentration of ions in solution

A

Ionic strength, u

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7
Q

Defined as pH = log [H+]

A

pH

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8
Q

Equilibrium constant for the reaction of an acid, HA, with H2O

A

Acid dissociation constant, Ka

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9
Q

The equilibrium constant for the reaction of a base, B, with H2O

A

Base hydrolysis constant, Kb

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10
Q

A mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base; resists changes in pH when acids or bases are added

A

Buffer

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11
Q

A measure of the ability of a buffer to resist changes in pH; the larger the buffer capacity, the greater the resistance to pH change

A

Buffer capacity, B

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12
Q

An acid and a base that differ only through the gain or loss of a single proton

A

Conjugate acid-base pair

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13
Q

For the reaction of a base (B) with H2O, the fraction of base in the form BH+

A

Fraction of association, a

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14
Q

For the dissociation of an acid (HA), the fraction of acid in the form A-

A

Fraction of dissociation, a

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