Chapter 6 Vocab Part 1 Flashcards
Psychrophiles
cold loving microbes
Mesophiles
moderate temperature loving microbes
Thermophiles
heat loving microbes
Minimum Growth Temperature
the lowest temperature at which the species will grow
Optimal Growth Temperature
the temperature at which the species grow best
Maximum Growth Temperature
the highest temperature at which growth is possible
Psychrotrophs
groups of spoilage microorganism
Hyperthermophiles/Extreme Thermophiles
an organism whose optimal growth temperature is at least 80 degrees Celsius
Acidophile
a bacterium that grows below pH 4 and is remarkably tolerant of acidity
Plasmolysis
shrinkage of the cell’s cytoplasm
Obligate Halophile
an organism that requires high osmotic pressure
Facultative Halophile
an organism that requires high osmotic pressure
Nitrogen Fixation
the conversion of nitrogen into ammonia
Symbiosis
the living together of tow organisms or populations
Trace Element
a chemical element required in small amounts for growth (iron, copper, molybdenum, and zinc)
Obligate Aerobe
an organism that requires molecular oxygen
Facultative Anaerobe
an organism that can grow with or without molecular oxygen
Obligate Anaerobe
bacteria that are unable to use molecular energy for energy-yielding reactions
Aerotolerant Anaerobes
cannot use oxygen for growth but can tolerate it
Microaerophile
organism that grows best in an environment with less molecular oxygen than is normally found in the air
Organic Growth Factor
esssential organic compound that an organism is unable to synthesize
Biofilms
microbial community that usually forms as a slumy layer on a surface
