chapter 6 tissue Biology 1103 Flashcards
tissue
a group of similar cells that work together to form specific functions
types of tissue
epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous
distribution of structure is sign of
injury and disease
Histology
Microscopic study of tissue appearance , organization and function
epithelial Tissue
refers to the sheets of cells that covers the external surface of the body.
lining of the body , protecting the body.
function in absorption, secretion and transportation.
Eg. LARGE INTEESTINE, SKIN
connective tissue
connects the cells and organs of the body.
serves to hold in place, connect and integrate the bodys organ systems.
which also function in connections, protection and integration of all parts of the body.
BONE, TENDON
Muscle tissue
excitable, responding to stimulation and contracting to provide movement,
Eg. CARDIAC, SKELETAL and SMOOTH
Nervous tissue
excitable, allowing the progress of electrochemical signals in the form of nerve impulse that communication between different body organs.
eg. BRAIN, SPINAL CORD, NERVES
Epithelial tissue main points
lining the outside of organs and the body cavities. which form much of the glandular tissue of the body.
general structure of epithelial tissue
1, highly cellular with little or no ECM
2, exhibit polarity between the apical to basal surface.
3,Avascular ( lacking blood vessels) when there is no blood vessel that cross the basement membrane to enter the tissue and nutrient as have to be diffused or absorbed.
4, removing of the damaged or dead cells that allow our air ways and digestive tracts to rapidly replace damaged cells with new cells.
Reticular lamina
Matrix containing collagen and elastin secretion by connective tissue forming basement membrane.
classification of epitelial tissues bases on
based on shape and layers of a cell. called as SIMPLE and Stratified.
general funcrtion of epithelial tissue
—absorption, diffusion , secretion and release of mucous and specific cpds.
— first line of protection.
–act as a gatekeeper by controlling permeability and allowing selective transfer of materials.
Simple Epithelial
a shape of a cells in the single cell layer reflecting the function of each cells.
function of simple cubodial epit
secretion and absorption of ducts and tubles.
Simple squamous epithelium
Thin sclaled, flat, and horizontal
diue to its thinness of the cell is present where rapid passage of chemical compounds is observed.
Location of simple squamous epi
in alveoli, kidney tubules, lining of capillaries
blood vessels, lymphatic vessels
Lungs
function of simple squamous epithe
promote diffusion and filteration across the surface.
allow materials to pass through by diffusion and filteration
sectretes lubricating substance.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
consist of a single of layers of cube- shaped cells. located near the center of the cell
locatd in glands and in kidney tubles.
simple columnar epithelium
tall column-like cells tends to be elongated and located
have cilia on their apical surface area
the cell is found in the lining of the uterine tubes.
utreine tubes
smooth digestive truct
function of simple columnar epithelium
secretion and absorption of tissue and organs
sections of digestive system and part of female reproductive tract.
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
appeat to be stratified BUT consit single later of irregulari shaped and differently sized colomunar cells.
location of Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
respiratory tract with some cells with cilia
function Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
secretes mucus, ciliated tisssue moves mucus
stratisfied squamous epithelium
basal layer contains columnar or cuboidal cells
location= lines of esophagose, mouth and vagina
Keratin
dead cells
function stratisfied squamous epithelium
protection aganist abrasion
Strastified cubodial epithelium
Tissue that consists of two or more layers of cube-shaped cells, found in some ducts.
LOATION= sweat glands salivary glands and mamary flands
function= prptective tissue
stratified columnar epithelium
Tissue that consists of two or more layers of column-like cells, contains glands and is found in some duct
UN COMMOMON TO HUMAN BEING
location= male urethra and ducts of some glads
function secretion and protection
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
a tissue that connects tissue and organs
difference between connective and epithelial tissue
- unlike epithelial tissue with closely packed cells with avascular tissue
connective tissue are vascular
ground substance
fluid or semi fluid portion of the matrix
can also be mineralized and solid as bone.
what is the function of matrix
functioning in making the connective tissue work
3 common characteristics of connective tissue
cells
#ground substance
#protein fibre
-large amount of ground substance and protein fibres
-phagocytic cells that engulfs pathogens and also rids tissue of cellular debris.
main features of connective tissue
. vascular
. many ECM
. abundant and widely distributed in body
function of connective tissue
supportive tissue
#transportation of substance ensured by blood and Lymph.
#insulation
#connect with other tissues
#storage of energy ( Adipose store surplus energy in the form of fats
#protection in the form of the capsules and bone that protect organs
classification of connective tissue
proper connective tissue
based on their ground substance and type of fibers found within matrix. we have
-loose connective
-dense connective
# supportive connective tissue
-cartilage
-bone
#fluid connective tissue
-BLOOD
-lymph
loose connective tissue vs. dense connective tissue
variety of cell types and protein fibres suspended in a viscous ground substance.
Dense connective tissue
bundles of fibres that provide tensile strength, elasticity, and protection.
Connective Tissue Proper
Fibroblasts are the most abundant cells in connective tissue proper. Fibrocytes, adipocytes, and mesenchymal cells are fixed cells, which means they remain within the connective tissue
chemical signals art of the immune system protecting the body.
Macrophages, mast cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and phagocytic cells are found in connective tissue proper but are actually part of the immune system protecting the body.
Adipocytes
lipid storage cells.
mesenchymal cell
mesenchymal cell is a multipotent adult stem cell. These cells can differentiate into any type of connective tissue cells needed for repair and healing of damaged tissue.
three main fibers by fibroblast
collagen
elastic firbers
and reticular
