Chapter 6: The Philosophical Aspect of Science and Technology

Question 1

The systematic study of the structure and behaviour of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment.

Answer 1

Science

Question 2

Also refer to the body or system of knowledge derived from such studies.

Answer 2

Science

Question 3

Science originated from?

Answer 3

philosophy

Question 4

Literally “love of wisdom”, is the investigation of the nature of knowledge, existence, and reality.

Answer 4

Philosophy

Question 5

He refined the process of scientific reasoning during the renaissance.

Answer 5

Francis Bacon

Question 6

He emphasized the importance of deductive reasoning

Answer 6

Aristotle

Question 7

He realized that deductive reasoning can be combined with by inductive reasoning.

Answer 7

Francis Bacon

Question 8

the process of obtaining a specific statement of theory from a more generalized model or observation.

Answer 8

Deductive

Question 9

Generates and generalized statement from specific observation.

Answer 9

Inductive

Question 10

3 Different fields of modern science

Answer 10

Natural Science
Social Science
Formal Science

Question 11

field of modern science that investigate natural phenomena; they attempt to give an explanation of how things happen or work based on the careful interpretation of empirical data (physical and biological science).

Answer 11

Natural Science

Question 12

insights on human behavior and societies.

Answer 12

Social Science

Question 13

field of modern science based on the set of rules defined beforehand (priori statements)

Answer 13

Formal Science

Question 14

it is the set of rules defined beforehand

Answer 14

priori statements

Question 15

Who discussed the verificationism or verifiability

Answer 15

Berlin Circle and Vienna Circle

Question 16

Falsification Principle is by?

Answer 16

Karl Popper

Question 17

a discipline is a scientific if it can be supported by empirical evidence, if it cannot be observed, it is regarded as meaningless.

Answer 17

verificationism or verifiability

Question 18

means that a hypothesis or idea can be tested by experimentation. As long as the experiment shows that an idea is not false, it is accepted as the prevailing explanation to the relevant phenomena.

Answer 18

Falsification Principle

Question 19

The study of scientific methods of inquiry, as well the defining of the scope and validity of science.

Answer 19

Philosophy of Science

Question 20

Socrates was condemned and put to death by

Answer 20

the Athenian society

Question 21

He asked questions about moral and psychological issues and challenged existing ideas.

Answer 21

Socrates

Question 22

He focused about the life itself “The unexamined life is not worth living

Answer 22

Socrates

Question 23

Plato found his own school named?

Answer 23

the famed Academy

Question 24

he focused in metaphysics and epistemology

Answer 24

Plato

Question 25

Plato is focused on

Answer 25

metaphysics and epistemology

Question 26

tutor of Alexander the great and systematized logic

Answer 26

Aristotle

Question 27

The purpose of life is to live in virtue. In order to be attuned with nature, people must reject all conventional needs such as power, sex, and wealth. The main figures of cynicism are Antisthenes, Diogenes and Crates of Thebes.

Answer 27

Cynics

Question 28

The main figures of cynicism are

Answer 28

Antisthenes, Diogenes and Crates of Thebes

Question 29

Major School of Philosophy believed that people should doubt their senses, morality, and logic. No one can be certain about the knowledge we have

Answer 29

Sceptics

Question 30

Considered all the sensation we experience are true.

Answer 30

Epicureans

Question 31

Epicureanism emphasized the importance of ______and _______ as the innate goal of man.

Answer 31

maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain

Question 32

Epicureans is founded by

Answer 32

Epicurus

Question 33

Posited that perfect rationality is the key to achieve moral goodness and happiness.

Answer 33

Stoics

Question 34

Stoics leans forward to the achievement of ______ and it is a state of mind wherein one is not distributed by passions, pain, or emotions,

Answer 34

apatheia (equanimity)

Question 35

The founder of Stoics

Answer 35

Zeno of Citium

Question 36

considered to be opposite of evil and what is good is preferred and desirable

Answer 36

Good

Question 37

is a positive emotion or state arising from well being includes physical and mental health, life satisfactions, and a sense of purpose.

Answer 37

Happiness

Question 38

happiness is a spiritual state

Answer 38

Eastern Religion

Question 39

freedom from cravings as happiness

Answer 39

Buddhism

Question 40

freedom from the cycle of births and deaths.

Answer 40

Hinduism

Question 41

interplay of genetics. Brain physiology and chemistry, body hormones, and physical health is involved in happiness.

Answer 41

Biological Perspectives

Question 42

Happiness in Greek

Answer 42

eudaimonia

Question 43

Plato asserted that the highest form of happiness results from

Answer 43

morality and justice.

Question 44

Is a concept central to the philosophy of Aristotle.

Answer 44

Eudaimonia

Question 45

Aristotle work where he discussed other concept such as arete(virtue) and philia (friendship

Answer 45

Nicomachean

Question 46

It is the end goal of human activities to lead a life- it is a complete end by itself

Answer 46

Eudaimonia

Question 47

comparable to Abraham Maslow’s concept, a desirable for fulfillment or achieving the most out of one’s potential.

Answer 47

Self – actualization

Question 48

arete means

Answer 48

virtue

Question 49

philia means

Answer 49

friendship

Question 50

Eudaimonia can be achieved by

Answer 50

rational action

Question 51

virtue of thought arises from teaching.

Answer 51

Intellectual virtue

Question 52

virtues of character arise from practice of habit.

Answer 52

Moral virtue

Question 53

Meaning of Episteme

Answer 53

scientific knowledge

Question 54

Meaning of Phronesis

Answer 54

practical wisdom

Question 55

Meaning of Andreia

Answer 55

bravery

Question 56

Meaning of Sophrosune

Answer 56

temperance

Question 57

Technology is not an ________; it is a way of revealing the _______ about the world.

Answer 57

instrument | truth

Question 58

________ is not controlled by ______; it is technology that can______human activity.

Answer 58

Technology | human | control

Question 59

Technology derived from the geek word

Answer 59

Technikon

Question 60

refers to both manufacturing and the arts

Answer 60

Techne

Question 61

bringing-forth and something that brings “concealment to the unconcealment

Answer 61

Poiesis

Question 62

Greek word for truth

Answer 62

Aletheia

Question 63

Modern technology reveals by

Answer 63

challenging

Question 64

german word for enframing

Answer 64

Gestell

Question 65

Heidegger called for humans to practice meditative thinking over calculative thinking.

Answer 65

Memorial Address

Question 66

emphasize numbers and categories; it only works to satisfy our material desire.

Answer 66

Calculative Thinking

Question 67

elucidates the meaning of things, we allow nature to reveal itself to us.

Answer 67

Mediative Thinking

Question 68

Mediative thinking allows us to be

Answer 68

open to the truth

Question 69

is a unifying force that tied together culture, religion, politics and society. Art expressed humanity’s oneness with the universe

Answer 69

Art

Question 70

is ultimately tied to good.

Answer 70

Truth

Question 71

to understood the world we are in; thus, leads us closer to the truth.

Answer 71

aim of science