Chapter 6 - The Human Body Flashcards
Planes of the Body
Coronal plane divides the body ______ and ______
Front and back
Sagittal plane divides the body _____ and _____
Left and right
Midsagittal plan divides the body into _____ left and right _____
equal, halves
Transverse plane divides the body _____ into ______ and _____
horizontally, top, bottom
Axial skeleton VS. Appendicular Skeleton
A represents the _____ skeleton & B represents the _____ skeleton
Appendicular & Axial
the foundation of the human body
CELLS!
cells that share a common function form _____
tissue
Groups of tissue that perform similar or interrelated jobs form _____
organs
Organs with similar functions work together to comprise _____
body systems
_____ are fibrous tissues that CONNECT BONE TO BONE, helping to stabilize the joint
Ligaments
_____ is a semirigid and flexible tissue that covers and cushions the ends of articulating bones.
Cartilage
_____ attach bone to muscle.
Tendons
_____ are joints where only slight movement is possible.
Symphyses
The bone ends of a joint are held together by a fibrous sac called the _____ _____
joint capsule
_____ _____ allows the ends of bones to glide easily.
Articular cartilage
The _____ _____ is the inner lining of the joint capsule.
synovial membrane
Synovial membranes produce _____ _____ which allows the ends of bones to glide over each other.
synovial fluid
____________ joints allow rotation and bending
Ball-in-socket
_____ joint: motion is restricted to flexion and extension only.
Hinge
The 3 groups of bones in the SKULL are
Cranial, facial bones, 3 small bones in ear
Posterior portion of the cranium
Occiput
Lateral portions of the cranium
Temporal bones
Located between the temporal bones and occiput
Parietal bone
Forehead bone in cranium
Frontal bone
Upper nonmovable jawbones
maxillae
cheekbones
zygomas
Lower, moveable portion of jaw
mandible
eye sockets
orbits
5 sections of vertebrae
Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum, Coccyx
How many vertebrae in the cervical spine?
7
How many vertebrae in the thoracic spine?
12
How many vertebrae in the lumbar spine?
5
How many vertebrae in the Sacrum?
5 fused vertebrae
How many vertebrae in the coccyx?
4 fused vertebrae
The sternum is made up of the ____, _____ and _____ (superior to inferior)
Manubrium, body, xiphoid process
The clavicle, the scapula and humerus come together to form the _____ _____
shoulder girdle
The _____ _____ consists of the sacrum and the coccyx.
pelvic girdle
Each coxa is formed by fusion of the _____, _____, and the _____
ilium, ischium and pubis
_____ muscles attach to the bones of the skeleton and forms the major muscle mass of the body.
Skeletal
This type of muscle is also known as VOLUNTARY muscle because it is under direct voluntary control of the brain
Skeletal
_____ muscle is found within blood vessels and intestines and do not require conscious thought.
Smooth
_____ muscle is found only within the heart and produces its own electrical current.
Cardiac
What is the antagonistic pair to the bicep muscle?
Tricep muscle
Name the structures in the UPPER AIRWAY (4)
Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx and the Larynx (voice box)
What structure separates the UPPER airway from the LOWER airway?
Glottis (vocal cords)
The nose and mouth lead to the _____.
Oropharynx
To help keep food and liquid out of the trachea while permitting air to pass, the _____ covers the larynx during swallowing and then lifts open to allow for air passage during breathing.
Epigottis
What is the medical term for the Adam’s apple?
thyroid cartilage
_______ cartilage: lies immediately below the thyroid cartilage
Cricoid
This membrane lies between the thyroid and the cricoid cartilage.
Cricothyroid membrane
