Chapter 17 - Cardiovascular Emergencies

Question 1

Atria

Answer 1

Upper chambers of the heart

Question 2

Coronary arteries

Answer 2

Blood vessels that supply blood to the myocardium

Question 3

Atrioventricular node

Answer 3

Electrical impulses slow here to allow blood to move from the atria to the ventricles

Question 4

Myocardium

Answer 4

Heart muscle

Question 5

Sinus node

Answer 5

Electrical impulses begin here

Question 6

Venae cavae

Answer 6

Carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart

Question 7

Ventricles

Answer 7

Lower chambers of the heart

Question 8

Aorta

Answer 8

The body’s main artery

Question 9

Atherosclerosis

Answer 9

Calcium and cholesterol buildup inside the blood vessels

Question 10

Dysrhythmia

Answer 10

An abnormal heart rhythm

Question 11

Ischemia

Answer 11

Decreased blood flow and poor oxygenation

Question 12

Infarction

Answer 12

The death of tissue

Question 13

Tachycardia

Answer 13

A rapid heart rhythm greater than 100 bpm

Question 14

Asystole

Answer 14

An absence of a heart electrical activity

Question 15

Thromboembolism

Answer 15

A blood clot floating through blood vessels until it reaches a narrow area and blocks blood flow

Question 16

Acute myocardial infarction

Answer 16

the complete blockage of a coronary artery

Question 17

Cardiac Arrest

Answer 17

a lack of cardiac pumping activity

Question 18

Angina pectoris

Answer 18

exertional chest pain relieved by nitroglycerin

Question 19

Cardiogenic shock

Answer 19

the heart lacks power to effectively pump blood to the body resulting in low blood pressure

Question 20

Congestive Heart Failure

Answer 20

a condition where the heart cannot effectively pump blood leading to fluid backing up into the lungs and edema

Question 21

Hypertensive emergency

Answer 21

systolic BP >180 mmHg

Question 22

Dissecting aneurysm

Answer 22

the sudden tearing and separation of the inner layers of the aorta with the potential for great blood loss

Question 23

\_\_\_\_\_ allows a cardiac muscle cell to contract spontaneously without stimulus from a nerve source
A. Repetition
B. Reactivity
C. Automaticity
D. Autonomy

Answer 23

C. Automaticity

Question 24

The aorta receives its blood supply from the:
A. Right atrium
B. Left atrium
C. Right ventricle
D. Left ventricle

Answer 24

D. Left ventricle

Question 25

Blood enters the right atrium from the body through the:
A. vena cava
B. aorta
C. pulmonary artery
D. pulmonary vein

Answer 25

A. vena cava

Question 26

The only vein(s) in the body that carry oxygenated blood is/are the:
A. external jugular veins
B. pulmonary veins
C. subclavian veins
D. inferior vena cava

Answer 26

B. pulmonary veins

Question 27

Normal electrical impulses originate in the sinus node, in the upper part of the right:
A. atrium
B. ventricle
C. superior vena cava
D. aortic arch

Answer 27

A. atrium

Question 28

Dilation of the coronary arteries \_\_\_\_\_ blood flow
A. shuts off
B. increases
C. decreases
D. regulates

Answer 28

B. increases