Chapter 6: The Central nervous system Flashcards
Main functional areas of the CNS
Cerebrum Cerebellum Hypothalamus Spinal chord Medulla oblongata
Main functional areas of the CNS
Cerebrum Cerebellum Hypothalamus Spinal chord Medulla oblongata
Deets; Cerebrum
High-order functions, such as thinking, reasoning, memory, learning, conscious awareness of surroundings.
deets; Cerebellum
Co-ordination of fine contraction muscles resulting in smooth movements and the maintenance of posture and balance.
deets; Hypothalamus
Homeostasis: regulation of heart, digestive system, appetite, thirst, metabolism, body temperature, response to fear or anger.
deets; Spinal chord
Provides a pathway for communication b/w muscles and glands in the brain. Integration of automatic, protective reflexes.
deets; Medulla oblongata
Under the influence of the hypothalamus, regulates the heart, breathing and diameter of blood vessels.
deets; Medulla oblongata
Under the influence of the hypothalamus, regulates the heart, breathing and diameter of blood vessels.
CNS protection
- Bone (Skull for brain, Vertebral Canal for Spinal chord)
- Meninges
- Cerebrospinal fluid.
Cerebrospinal fluid
- Three functions are protection, support and transport.
- It’s a clear, watery fluid that acts as a shock absorber for the brain/spinal chord. Made from blood; moves nutrients to and wastes from the CNS.
Tracts
Bundles of nerve fibres within the CNS.
3 tracts within white matter
- Connects diff. areas of the cortex within the same hemisphere.
- Carries impulses b/w L and R hemispheres.
- Connects cortex to other areas of the brain or spinal cord.
Deets; Cerebrum
High-order functions, such as thinking, reasoning, memory, learning, conscious awareness of surroundings.
deets; Cerebellum
Co-ordination of fine contraction muscles resulting in smooth movements and the maintenance of posture and balance.
deets; Hypothalamus
Homeostasis: regulation of heart, digestive system, appetite, thirst, metabolism, body temperature, response to fear or anger.
deets; Spinal chord
Provides a pathway for communication b/w muscles and glands in the brain. Integration of automatic, protective reflexes.
deets; Medulla oblongata
Under the influence of the hypothalamus, regulates the heart, breathing and diameter of blood vessels.
CNS protection
- Bone (Skull for brain, Vertebral Canal for Spinal chord)
- Meninges
- Cerebrospinal fluid.
Cerebrospinal fluid
- Three functions are protection, support and transport.
- It’s a clear, watery fluid that acts as a shock absorber for the brain/spinal chord. Made from blood; moves nutrients to and wastes from the CNS.
Tracts
Bundles of nerve fibres within the CNS.
3 tracts within white matter
- Connects diff. areas of the cortex within the same hemisphere.
- Carries impulses b/w L and R hemispheres.
- Connects cortex to other areas of the brain or spinal cord.
Structure/function of Cerebrum
Outer surface, grey matter
Inner area, white matter
Centre of cerebrum is grey matter( basal ganglia)
4 lobes of brain
-Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal.
Structure/function of Cerebrum
Outer surface, grey matter
Inner area, white matter
Centre of cerebrum is grey matter( basal ganglia)
• Highly folded nature of brain; increases S.A. Contains 70% of CNS neurons.
• Rounded edges due to folding, known as convolutions. Separated by shallow downfolds (sulci) or deep folds (fissures).
• ^^^ Deeper fissure; longitudinal fissure; Separates brain into L and R hemispheres.
