Chapter 6 - The Cardiorespiratory, Endocrine, and Digestive Systems Flashcards
How can basal metabolic rate (BMR) best be defined?
The amount of energy required to maintain the body at rest
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the amount of energy required to maintain the body at rest.
Which component of blood is primarily responsible for clotting mechanisms?
Platelets
What is end-diastolic volume?
The amount of blood in the ventricle before contraction
EDIT ME! What does the sympathetic nervous system do?
The sympathetic nervous system is directly responsible for increasing the rate of heart conduction; whereas, the parasympathetic nervous system would decrease heart conduction when activated.
What is a normal blood pressure reading?
Systolic <120 and diastolic <80
What structure in the heart transfers the electrical signal from the sinoatrial (SA) node to the atrioventricular (AV) node?
Internodal pathway
The internodal pathways, also referred to as bundle branches, transfer impulses from the sinoatrial node to the atrioventricular node.
What anatomical heart structure is referred to as “the pacemaker of the heart”?
Sinoatrial node
What is cardiac output?
The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute
What effect would sleep deprivation have on growth hormone and cortisol levels?
Inadequate sleep will decrease growth hormone and increase cortisol levels.
Inadequate sleep (sleep deprivation) will affect numerous hormones, which include growth hormone and cortisol. Specifically, a good night’s sleep leads to lower levels of cortisol throughout the day and early evening, increased levels of growth hormone through the night, as well as better control of the thyroid hormones and glucose metabolism.
EDIT ME! The pathway for hormones secreted by the endocrine system may be described by which of the following?
The gland secretes the hormone, which travels through the bloodstream to reach a target cell, where it binds to a receptor and influences a particular action.
What component of breathing improves blood flow back to the heart?
Inspiration with a decrease in intrathoracic pressure
Which of the following effects may be experienced with overtraining?
High levels of cortisol, which lead to a catabolic environment
What training tip would enhance the benefits of resistance training by helping increase growth hormone, testosterone, and epinephrine?
Slowing down the speed of contractions during the eccentric and concentric phases
Increasing time under tension for any muscle contraction increases anabolic hormone secretion.
What is stroke volume?
The amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction
What effect would sleep deprivation have on growth hormone and cortisol levels?
Inadequate sleep will decrease growth hormone and increase cortisol levels.
