Chapter 6 Study Guide Flashcards
Coverture
States that women are property and prevented them from signing contracts and getting divorced
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
Monitor protection against job discrimination
De facto segregation
Unintentional discrimination
Equality of Opportunity
Each individual is given the same opportunities to succeed in life
Equality of Result
Idea that people have same wealth and social status of the people around them to ensure equal opportunity to everyone
Jim Crow Laws
Black code that defined and enforced segregation
Martin Luther King Jr.
Organized non-violent demonstrations through the church; emphasize civil disobedience
NAACP
Interest group established to abolish segregation and gain civil rights for blacks
Suspect Classification
Subjects, such as race, require the highest level of scrutiny from the Supreme Court
Reverse Discrimination
Giving preferential treatment to groups of races that have been discriminated against previously
Americans with Disabilities Act
Any individual with a form of disability can be allowed access to any public facility
14th Amendment: Equal Protection Clause
Equal protection under the due process of law; everybody has to be treated equally regardless of race, sex, etc.
Grandfather Clause
If grandfather voted, then you were allowed to vote
Literacy Test
Unfair tests that were subjective towards blacks to keep them from voting
Title IX
Provides girls with an equal opportunity to play competitive sports in schools
Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act
Recognizes “reality of wage distribution”; compensate for any discrimination evident in a paycheck
19th Amendment
Women have the right to vote
Strict Scrutiny
Challenges constitutional validity of a state practice; see if a law violates the equal protection clause
Racial Gerrymandering
Dividing state districts into regions based on racial demographics
Civil Disobedience
Peacefully protesting against the law and accepting the punishment
De jure segregation
Purposeful discrimination under the law
Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell Policy
Banned discrimination in military regarding sexuality; protect soldiers form getting discharged if came out as gay or lesbian
Equal Rights Amendment
Guaranteed equal rights to all women
Voting Rights Act 1965
Outlaw any arbitrary and discriminatory voting practices
Little Rock
Nine black students went to an all-white school and faced a series of brutal protests
NOW
Interest group representing issues of gender inequality and sex discrimination in the workplace
White Flight
White southerners moved north to the suburbs to avoid desegregation in schools
Affirmative Action
Effort to increase the number of minorities in companies and schools
Civil Rights Act 1964
Outlaw discrimination based on race, color, or gender in public places
White Primary
Primary elections in which only white southerners were allowed to vote
Poll Tax
Tax imposed by the state that must be payed in order to vote in elections
Integration
Desegregation of public places, ensuring equal treatment and service
The Feminine Mystique (1963)
Exposed to society why women we depressed because they were bored all the time and felt they had no purpose
Equal Pay
Ensures that all men and women are payed equally
15th Amendment
Declared that all citizens are guaranteed the right to vote
24th Amendment
Barred the poll tax
13th Amendment
Banned slavery and declared blacks U.S. citizens
Civil Rights
Rights of all citizens that protects against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment based on race, sex, gender, religion, etc.
