Chapter 6: Solutions

Question 1

Solution
Solute
Solvent
Aqueous Solution

Answer 1

• homogenous mixture
• the substance in the mixture present is lesser than quantity
• the substance present in the largest quantity
• solution where solvent is water

Question 2

Solubility

-Factors that affect solubility

Answer 2

how much of a particular solute can dissolve in a certain solvent at a specified temperature

• polarity of solute + solvent: like dissolves like
• temperature: increase in temp, increase in solubility
• pressure: usually has no effect on liquids but has an effect on gases

Question 3

Henry’s Law

Answer 3

the number of moles of a gas dissolved in a liquid at a given temperature is proportional to the partial pressure of a gas above the liquid

Question 4

Concentration

Answer 4

amount of south dissolved in a given amount of solution

Question 5

Weight/ Volume Percent

Answer 5

%m/v= grams of solute/ mL of solution x 100%

Question 6

Mass/ Mass Percent

Answer 6

%m/m= grams solute/ grams solutions x 100%

Question 7

Molarity

Answer 7

M= moles solute/ L solution

Question 8

Dilution

Answer 8

M1V1= M2V2

Question 9

Hypertonic

Hypotonic

Answer 9

• solute concentration of fluid surrounding cells higher than inside results in a hypertonic solution causing water to flow into the surroundings; causing a collapse which is crenation
• solute concentration of fluid surrounding cells too low, results in a hypotonic; causes water to flow into a cell, which ruptures causing hemolysis

Question 10

Pickling

Answer 10

Pickling solution is hypertonic so water can be pulled out of the cucumber in order to be replaced with the brine.