Chapter 6- SLE and autoimmune dieases Flashcards
What condition regarding the esophagus is common in scleroderma
Dysphagia due to esophageal fibrosis, in almost 50% of patients
What are the characteristics of type 3 renal lesions aka focal lupus nephritis
Involvement of less that 50% of all glomeruli
-Red cell casts in the urine
What are the diagnostic antibodies in SLE
Antibodies to dsDNA and Smith (sm) antigens
What is polyarteritis nodosa characterized by
Necrotizing inflammation of the walls of blood vessels
Patients with high titers of SS-A are more likely to what
Early Sjogren syndrome onset, longer disease duration, and extraglandular manifestations, such as cutaneous vasculitis and nephritis
What is the percent of cardiac involvement in SLE
50% of pts
What are the characteristics of class 2 renal lesion aka mesangial proliferative lupus nephritis
- masangial proliferation and accumulation of matrix
- Deposits of Igs and complement without involvement of glomerular capillaries
What are the most common causes of death in SLE patients
Renal failure and inter current infections
Specifically, what are the antibodies in SLE against
Antinuclear antibodies (ANA)
Which antibodies are commonly found in patients with Sjogren syndrome
Antibodies against two ribonucleoprotiens, SS-A (Ro) and SS-B (La)
What is the epidemiology of scleroderma
3:1 female to male ratio, with peak in 50-60
Which disease is sicca disorder associated with
Aka Sjogren syndrome, and is assocaited with RA
What percent of lung presentation is seen in SLE
50% of pts have pleuritis or pleural effusion
What is keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Dry eye
What is assocaited with scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) early in the course presentation
Vascular damage, especially microvascular
What is the changes seen in skin during scleroderma (systemic sclerosis)
Diffuse atrophy of skin, beginning in the fingers and distal regions
How does lupus antibodies affect clotting time
In Vitro, it will increase the PTT timing
What are the complications of mixed connective tissue disease
Pulmonary hypertension, interstitial lung disease, renal disease
What is the most prominent renal abnormality in scleroderma
Vascular lesion and interlobular arteries show thickening due to fibrosis
What is the percentage of scleroderma patients that have renal involvement
2/3
What is xerostoma
Dry mouth
What is the characteristic of joints in SLE
Nonerosive synovitis with little deformity (as opposed to RA)
Which HLA is more common to form a reaction following administration of hydralazine
HLA-DR4
Which HLA is more common to form a reaction following administration of Procainamide
HLA-DR6