Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anthropology 101 > Chapter 6 (Primate Biology) > Flashcards

Chapter 6 (Primate Biology) Flashcards

Biology In The Present

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Biology 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Prosimians

A

Lemurs
Lorises
Tarsiers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

New World Monkeys

A

Cebids

Marmosets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Old World Monkeys

A

Baboons
Colobuses
Guenons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Apes

A 
Gibbons
Orangutans
Chimpanzees
Bonobos
Gorillas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Differences between Primates and other mammals

A

Arboreal adaptations
Dietary Flexibility
Parental Investment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Primate Physical Attributes

A 
Versatile skeletal structure- highly mobile joints
Enhanced vision (color, depth)
Enhanced sense of touch (dermal ridges)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Primate Parental Investment Attributes

A

Relatively few offspring at a time
Relatively long periods between births
Period of pre-adult care is long and intensive
All associates with size and complexity of primate brains.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Primate General Information

A 
High level of adaptability
Variety of anatomical and behavioral variation
Most are diurnal, few are nocturnal
Omnivorous diets (most species)
Diverse social groupings
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Power Grip

A

A fistlike grip in which the fingers and thumbs wrap around an object in opposite directions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Precision Grip

A

A precise grip in which the tips of the fingers and thumbs come together, enabling fine manipulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Preadaptation

A

An organism’s use of an anatomical feature in a way unrelated to the feature’s original function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rhinarium

A

The naked surface around the nostril’s, typically wet in mammals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Y-5

A

Hominoids’ pattern of lower molar cusps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tooth Comb

A

Anterior teeth that have been tilted forward, creating a scraper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Canine-premolar honing complex

A

Dental form in which the upper canines are sharpened against the lower third premolars when the jaws are opened and closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Diastema

A

A space between two teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What gives primates their dietary flexibility?

A

Multiple tooth types

Reduced number of teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Olfactory Hub

A

areas of the brain associated with smell and hearing

19
Q

Grade

A

Group of organisms sharing the same complexity and level of evolution

20
Q

Clade

A

Group of organisms that evolved from common anestors

21
Q

Primitive Characteristics

A

Characteristics present in multiple species of a group

22
Q

Derived Characteristics

A

Characteristics present in only one or a few species of a group

23
Q

Hominin

A

Humans and humanlike anscestors

24
Q

Monkey or Ape?

Body Size

A

Monkey- generally smaller

Ape- generally bigger

25
Q

Monkey or Ape?

Posture/Locomotion

A

Monkey- generally horizontal body trunk

Ape- relatively vertical body trunk

26
Q

Monkey or Ape?

Body trunk

A

Monkey- Narrow

Ape- Broad

27
Q

Monkey or Ape?

Tail

A

Monkey- tail

Ape- no tail

28
Q

Monkey or Ape?

Lower Molars

A

Monkey- Bilophodont lower molar

Ape- Y-5 molar pattern

29
Q

Monkey or Ape?

Brain

A

Monkey- Relatively small

Ape- Relatively large

30
Q

Monkey or Ape?

Growth

A

Monkey- Relatively fast

Ape- Relatively slow

31
Q

Monkey or Ape?

Interspecies Variability

A

Monkey- High

Ape- Low

32
Q

Prehensile Tail

A

A tail that acts as a kind of a hand for support in trees, common in New World monkeys.

33
Q

Suspensory Apes

A

Anatomical differences include longer arms, longer fingers and toes, fingers are curved.

34
Q

Knuckle-Walking

A

Unique style of quadrupedal locomotion used by chimpanzees and gorillas.

35
Q

Strepsirhines

A

Lemurs, other prosimians etc (wet nose)

36
Q

Haplorhines

A

New World/Old World Monkeys and Apes (dry nose)

37
Q

Strepsirhines or Haplorhines?

Smell

A

Strepsirhine- More developed

Haplorhine- Less developed

38
Q

Strepsirhines or Haplorhines?

Vision

A

Strepsirhine- Nocturnal for many

Haplorhine- Diurnal

39
Q

Strepsirhines or Haplorhines?

Touch

A

Strepsirhine- Claws in some, less developed

Haplorhine- Nails, more developed

40
Q

Strepsirhines or Haplorhines?

Diet

A

Strepsirhine- More specialized, more teeth in some

Haplorhine- More generalized, reduced number of teeth

41
Q

Strepsirhines or Haplorhines?

Intelligence

A

Strepsirhine- Less developed, small brain

Haplorhine- More developed, larger brain

42
Q

Platyrrhine

A

New World Monkeys

43
Q

Catarrhine

A

Old World Monkeys and Apes

44
Q

Primate Defining Characteristics (get at least 10)

A 
Tendency to erect posture
Flexible generalized limb structure
Hands and feet have grasping capability
Opposable thumb
Nails instead of claws
Tactile pads for sense of touch
Lack of dietary specialization
Generalized dentition
Enhanced vision, reduced smell
Five digits/hand and foot
Color vision
Stereoscopic vision
Eyes in front of face
Increased brain size
Long period of infant dependency
Long period of gestation
Reduced number of offspring
Live in social groups
Greater dependence on learned behavior

Anthropology 101 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions