Chapter 14 Evolution- Today and Tomorrow (finished)

Question 1

Anthropogenic definition

Answer 1

Refers to any effect caused by humans

Question 2

General Impacts of Human Population Growth

list 5

Answer 2

Nearly 1 billion suffer from malnutrition
Global warming due to release of greenhouse gasses
Increased opportunity to disease, infection and death
Reduced global biodiversity
Emerging and re-emerging of infectious diseases

Question 3

Hygiene Hypothesis

Answer 3

Increasing allergies among children are the result of decreased exposure to microbes, such as those found in dirt.

Question 4

Introduction

Three Stages of Disease Lecture

Answer 4

For most of our species’ history we lived in small, widely dispersed, nomadic foraging groups
Our ancestors would come into contact with disease/new diseases, but due to the smaller populations, those diseases did not pose as much of a threat to our species as a whole.

Question 5

Stage One

Three Stages of Disease Lecture

Answer 5

Domestication of plants and animals- 11,000 ya
As populations became sedentary, they grew in size, which resulted in larger threats from infectious diseases.
There was little defense due to sanitation issues, less variety in diet, and transfer of disease from insects and rodents to food storage.

Question 6

Stage Two

Three Stages of Disease Lecture

Answer 6

Time period- Late 19th early 20th century
Decrease in infectious disease- immunization and antibiotics invented. Life expectancy is going up.
Increase in chronic degenerative diseases due to sedentary lifestyle, more stress, pollution, poor choice in diet contributing to obesity and diabetes, smoking and alcohol consumption.

Question 7

Stage Three

Three Stages of Disease Lecture

Answer 7

Present day
New diseases are emerging and old ones are returning. The return of old diseases is the result of the fact that microorganisms are evolving species themselves, antibiotic overuse, higher, more mobile population, and continued exposure to species to species disease.