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The Evolving Fireground - Research Based Tactics > Chapter 6 - Modern Building Construction > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Modern Building Construction Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

The phrase modern fire behavior often refers to what?

A

Contents of the Fire. (99)

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2
Q

The stages of fire development change when a fire becomes what?

A

Ventilation limited. (103)

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3
Q

It is common with today’s fire environment to have a decay period prior to flash over which emphasizes what?

A

The importance of ventilation. (103)

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4
Q

What should be thought of as ventilation as well?

A

Forcing entry. (103)

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5
Q

What report should increase awareness of the potential conditions inside

A

No smoke showing. (103)

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6
Q

If you add air to the fire and don’t apply water what happens?

A

The fire gets larger and safety decreases. (103)

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7
Q

The average time of ventilation to the time of the onset firefighter untenability condition is how many seconds for a one story house? Two story?

A

100 seconds

200 seconds

(103)

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8
Q

What is the time of the onset of firefighter untenability to flash over?

A

10 seconds. (103)

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9
Q

If ventilation already exists because the homeowner left a window or door or open the fire is going to do what?

A

Respond faster to additional ventilation. (temperatures in the house are going to be higher) (103)

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10
Q

What is essential for a positive outcome in today’s fire environment?

A

Coordination of the fire attack crew. (103)

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11
Q

Every new ventilation opening provides what?

A

A new flow path to the fire. (103)

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12
Q

What type of cut do firefighters perform on commercial flat roofs because of the thickness of the roof?

A

A step cut or skim cut. (104)

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13
Q

What is sprayed on to coat the surfaces between the joists and studs in the walls and in ceilings to eliminate voids?

A

Spray polyurethane foam. SPF. (104)

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14
Q

When can a firefighter determine if a step / skim cut is necessary?

A

After cutting an inspection hole and discovering the makeup of the roof sheething. (105)

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15
Q

A good tactic maybe to stretch a precautionary hose line to the roof when faced with what type of roof?

A

Rubberized membrane top layer. (105)

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16
Q

When fire enters the attic space the SPF does what?

A

Chars and becomes a solid structure. (108)

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17
Q

What is essential to determine whether spray foam is being used in your area?

A

Pre-planning. (108)

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18
Q

Because of the toxic gases that SPF may emit what color will it smoke be?

A

Black. (108)

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19
Q

What is the only way to get all the way through on the initial cut with SPF foam installed?

A

A deep punch cut with a chainsaw. (108)

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20
Q

What are critical to pry and pull up the cut materials with an SPF roof.

A

Hand tools. (109)

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21
Q

What will your tool selection be based on?

A

Size up of roof sheathing. (109)

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22
Q

Tools that should always go to the roof.

A

Power saw
Hook
Axe
Portable radio
Roof ladder. (109)

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23
Q

What cut has benefits in residential construction to understand what we are cutting before opening it up?

A

A kerf or triangle cut. (109)

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24
Q

Overhaul will post some challenges since the thermostat properties can allow what?

A

Hidden fire to burn underneath the hardened crust. (109)

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25
What are you essentially creating when making an opening in the ceiling to overhaul the fire?
Vent opening. (110)
26
What is the worst type of exterior cladding in regards to flammability?
Vinyl siding. (110)
27
What in the foam panels used for insulation is the biggest issue?
Polystyrene and polyisocyanurate. (110)
28
Two-story wall fires were extinguished with how many gallons of water?
Approximately 50 gallons. (110)
29
It would be difficult if not impossible to know that the building was built from ISBUs without what?
Proper pre-planning or a proper size up. Including a 360° scene size up. (111)
30
How should we think of ISBUs in terms of fire attack?
Flash over containers overloaded with fuel. (112)
31
What conditions will we face because these buildings readily contain the heat compared with traditional structures?
Higher heat conditions. More volatile interior conditions. (112)
32
What may impact your egress and restrict you from backing out on ISBUs?
Construction features. (113)
33
What is one benefit to ISBU Construction?
The compartments are smaller. (113)
34
When conducting search operations in ISPUs put a greater focus on what?
Closing doors to create barriers. (113)
35
Once members have entered the search room of an ISBU and the door is closed The windows can be taken but only if...
The door is and can be kept closed. (113)
36
When can firefighters take the windows in an ISBU?
Once they have entered the search room and the door is closed and can be kept closed. (113)
37
What type of ventilation will be an extremely time-consuming and challenging task in an ISBU?
Vertical ventilation. (113)
38
What type of ventilation in an ISBU will take less time and demand fewer resources?
Horizontal ventilation. (113)
39
You must consider what combination during overhaul in an ISBU?
Drywall and SPF. (115)
40
Every opening on an ISBU has been cut into the building where?
On site. (115)
41
LEED requires at least what percentage of the hardscape of a development be shaded or designed with permeable material
50% (116)
42
The building construction in your response district will always be what?
A dynamic changing environment that will necessitate altering your tactics. (116)
43
During the pre-fire planning phase it's critical we assure there are shut offs or disconnects for solar panels where?
On the exterior of the building. (116)
44
When using the shut off or disconnect on solar panels what part of the system is shut down?
Only the portion from the shut off or disconnect into the building (117)
45
Consider solar panel and system components always what?
Energized up to the shut off or disconnect at all times. (117)
46
What type of stream should be used on solar panel fires?
A broken stream. (117)
47
What pattern and cone angle reduced measured current below perception level?
A fog pattern at a 10° cone angle. (117)
48
What distance has been determined to reduce potential shock hazard?
20 ft. (117)
49
What level of shock hazard is considered as safe?
2 mA. (117)
50
What is the measured current below perception level?
<40mA. (117)
51
What should be our primary concern during solar panel fires?
Electric shock. (117)
52
Collapse of engineered lumber occurs how long after direct flame impingement?
4 to 6 minutes. (118)
53
When should you pre-plan?
On every EMS call. (118)
54
As an interior officer what tactic will allow you to verify roof construction?
Pulling a drop ceiling early. (120)
55
Why should we crawl?
It's safer. (122)
56
If you can't see your feet and still walk what must you do?
Look down and sound the floor on every step. (123)
57
2016 line of duty deaths
69. (123)
58
First half of 2017 line of duty deaths.
51 (123)
59
Line of duty deaths from 2011 to 2016.
546 (123)
60
What tactic is not routinely performed on residential construction
Kerf or triangle inspection cut.
61
What could be the answer to finding an extinguishing this deep-seated fire under the outer crust (spf)?
Using a thermal imaging camera in a pressurized water extinguisher filled with a foam-type solution.
62
What side of an ISBU may reveal the true construction and the challenges firefighters will face
C side.
63
In all ISBU pre-fire plans what should you note
Natural construction features that will assist in vertical ventilation.
64
What is a piece of critical information that should be noted on an ISBU prefire plan
The building had a great deal of give (flexibility)
65
As the interior officer you must avoid what
Tactical drift
66
Where can pulling a drop ceiling be done as an interior officer
In the fire occupancy or the exposure
67
What could create an entanglement hazard while pulling ceiling
Pulling the frame

The Evolving Fireground - Research Based Tactics (7 decks)

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