Chapter 1 - Fire Behavior Flashcards
Fire Dynamics is the study of how fire what?
Starts
Spreads
Develops
Scientific measurements and calculations.
The way that fire reacts and behaves to its environments is what?
Fire behavior.
In today’s structures, fire temperatures increase at what?
A faster rate.
Causing flash over sooner.
Increasingly common in fires, Flash over occurs when?
Before the fire department has arrived.
What is one of the keys in today’s fires?
Heat release rate rather than the temperature.
Which direction does pressure move?
From high to low.
When the pressure gradient is created what do we have?
Flow path.
How do we reduce the temperatures and slow the combustion process?
Stop or control the air from being drawn into the fire.
UEL is ____
LEL is ____
Rich
Lean
Legacy fire development is related to what type of fires?
Fuel limited fires.
The legacy fire isn’t limited by what?
Lack of oxygen.
Modern fire development commonly relates to what type of fire?
Ventilation limited fires.
What is a dangerous transition between the growth stage and fully developed stage?
Flashover (3)
When modern fires become ventilation limited what happens?
The temperature decreases significantly. (5)
What is a deflagation resulting from the sudden introduction of air into a confined space containing oxygen deficient products of incomplete combustion (smoke explosion?)
Backdraft (5)
What type of backdrafts are the cause of many firefighter injuries?
Backdrafts that most commonly occur in attic spaces, knee walls, or any other void space. (5)
If a small opening is made water should be applied where?
To the smoke and into the compartment. (6)
What is the space through which fire, heat, and smoke progress, moving from high pressure fire area towards lower pressure oxygen sources?
Flow path (6)
What is critical on the fire ground?
Controlling the ventilation openings. (6)
What is one of the most underutilized skills for firefighters?
Recognizing fire behavior as it changes and reacts to our tactics. (6)
What should recognize imminent failure to a window or door?
A solid size up (6)
The time between tactical ventilation and flashover could be as little as?
2 min. (6)
What three things does interrupting the flow path do?
Reduce heat within the structure
Minimize the potential for flashover.
Greatly enhanced the safety for firefighters.
(6)
What is the time between tactical ventilation and flashover in a traditional fire?
8 min. (6)
Increasing ventilation in a ventilation limited structure may lead to what?
Rapid transition to flash over. (7)
What causes fire spread?
Smoke and fire gases. (7)
What are essential components to understanding fire behavior? (4)
Smoke volume
Velocity
Density
Color
(7)
What is vital to stopping smoke and fire spread if the fire has not been controlled with water?
Controlling the ventilation openings (7)
What often precedes combustion?
Pyrolysis (9)
