chapter 6 manicuring

Question 1

What is manicuring?

Answer 1

Manicuring is the art of caring for and beautifying the hands and fingernails.

Question 2

scope of practice definition SB

Answer 2

Or the list of services that you are legally allowed to perform within your specialty in your state. Know that if you perform services outside those allowed by the regulations, you may lose your license. Also, if a client is harmed while you are performing an illegal service, you will be fully liable both professionally and personally. If you become licensed in another state your scope of practice may change.

Question 3

Describe the equipment needed to perform nail services

Answer 3

A manicure table, adjustable lamp, chairs, finger bowl, disinfection container, clients arm cushion, service cushion, gauze and cotton white container, cover trash containers, supply tray, electric nail Polish dryer, UV or LED light units, autoclaves, electric hand slash foot mitts, Terry cloth mitts, paraffin treatment, ventilation system.

Question 4

Manicure table definition

Answer 4

For storing properly cleaned and disinfected implements. Must be a hard impenetrable aka non porous surface such as formica or glass and be kept clear of clutter.

Question 5

Adjustable lamp definition SB

Answer 5

Attaches to the table and should use a 40 to 60 Watt incandescent bulb or a fluorescent bulb. Fluorescent bulbs are popular because they emit cooler light, does not heat up objects underneath the lamp as do high Watt incandescent bulbs (also cures some products prematurly).

Question 6

chairs definition

Answer 6

Should be selected for ergonomics, comfort, durability, resistant to staining, and ease of cleaning. Technician can have a chair with wheels but a client cannot.

Question 7

disinfections container definition SB

Answer 7

A disinfection container must be large enough to hold sufficient liquid disinfectant solution to completely immerse several service sets of implements. containers that do not allow the entire implement including handles to be submerged are not acceptable for use in professional salons. Containers must be cat closed when not in use to prevent contamination and evaporation.

Question 8

finger bowl definition SB

Answer 8

It can be made from materials such as plastic, metal, glass, or even an attractive ceramic. Finger bulls should be durable and easy to thoroughly clean and disinfect after use on each client.

Question 9

Covered trash containers definition

Answer 9

a trash container with a self closing….k day and clean and disinfected often.

Question 10

Supply trade definition

Answer 10

a supply tray holds nail products for easy access during a service. cleaned and disinfected after every client.

Question 11

Service cushion definition

Answer 11

A phone cushion that is higher in the middle and lower on the end can be placed between the client and the nail technician. place clean towel on it for every client.

Question 12

autoclave definition

Answer 12

an autoclave uses high temperature steam and pressure to kill microorganisms and their spores. reaches 250 degrees F. 15 minutes to kill all harmful microrganisms and their spores. a sport test should be conducted every 30 days to ensure it does not become an incubator for pathogens.

Question 13

SAY NO TO STERILIZERS!

Answer 13

electric sterilizers, bead sterilizers, and baby sterilizers should not be used to disinfect or sterilize implements. also uv lights wont work either.

Question 14

hand and foot mitts definition

Answer 14

after the massage conditioning lotion or even a mask may be applied to the hands and or feet. which are then placed in a plastic cover and inserted into the foot mitts.

Question 15

terry cloth mitts

Answer 15

These washable mats are placed over a client’s hands or feet after a penetrating conditioning product has been applied, and a cover is placed over the products to prevent it from getting onto the mitts. also maintains heat longer time.

Question 16

Paraffin treatment definition

Answer 16

A paraffin tub has an automatic thermostat that maintains the paraffin at the ideal temperature for applications of the hands and the feet. It is applied to the skin to enhance moisture and you should never dip a client’s hand or foot directly into the paraffin tub. Heat the paraffin then scoop the paraffin from the tub and place it in a clear paraffin bag which is then placed over your client’s hand or foot.

Question 17

Ventilation definition

Answer 17

Exposure to nail dust and chemical odors and vapors can affect ones breathing in respiratory health. fans and open windows are not substitutes for proper ventilation. One of the most effective ways to ensure safe working conditions is local source capture ventilation systems. These systems are designed to capture vapors and dust at the source and remove them from the air before they have a chance to escape into the salon. Some salons have ventilated tables with filters. There are also portable downdraft vent machines that use a powerful fan to pull down and capture chemical vapors and nail dust into a two stage carbon filter There is a 2 foot invisible sphere around the nail tech head/face to protect.

Question 18

multiuse implements definition SB

Answer 18

Are generally stainless steel as they must be properly cleaned and disinfected prior to use on another client. reusable as long as it can be disinfected.

Question 19

types of multi use implements are?

Answer 19

metal pusher (cutical pusher), nail nippers, tweezers, nail clippers.

Question 20

metal pusher definition SB

Answer 20

mistakenly called a cuticle pusher it is used to gently scrape off dead cuticle tissue from the natural nail plate. Shouldn’t be used on eponychium. improper use on the nail plate can cause grooving. damage to the nail matrix can cause nail growth problems and tiny microscopic openings in the skin can allow microbes to enter through and can lead to infection. Hold the metal pusher the way you would hold a pencil with the flat end held at a 20 to 30 degree angle from nail plate.

Question 21

nail nippers definition SB

Answer 21

A nail nipper is a stainless steel implement used to carefully trim away dead skin around the nails. It is never used to cut, rip, or tear live tissue as the live nail fold tissue is important to ward off microbes and prevent infection around the nail plate.

Question 22

tweezers definition SB

Answer 22

Tweezers are multi use implements that can be used for lifting small bits of debris from the nail plate, retrieving and placing nail art, removing implements from disinfectant solutions, and much more. must be stainless steel.

Question 23

nail clippers definition SB

Answer 23

shorten the free edge quickly and efficiently. If your clients nails are too long, clipping them will save filing time during your service. Clip the nails from each side to prevent stress damage to sides of the nail plates the file to shape them.

Question 24

What are single use implements?

Answer 24

Items that cannot be properly cleaned or disinfected according to states regulations must be disposed of after a single use. Nail Polish brushes are the exception because they are stored in an oxygen free, water free liquid, and the chemicals used in the polishes do not allow for the growth of microbes. However microbes just picked up by the brush can be carried to another nail if the brush is immediately used to Polish. Wooden pushers and nail brushes.

Question 25

Wooden pushers definition SB

Answer 25

Is used to remove dead cuticle tissue from the nail plate, to clean under the free edge of the nail, or to apply products. Hold the stick as you would a pencil with the tip at a 20 to 30 degree angle from the nail plate while pushing the cuticle free. Apply now products by completely wrapping the end of the stick with a small piece of cotton and placing or dipping the products onto the cotton.

Question 26

nail brushes info

Answer 26

Natural hair brushes cannot be cleaned or disinfected and should be discarded after use. Synthetic hair brushes can be cleaned and disinfected by immersion. Alcohol, nail Polish, monomers, and polymers, UV gels, and nail primers do not support the growth of microbes. However nail oil and nail treatments does so use a single use implement brush to apply it on clients.

Question 27

Materials and supplies used during a manicure are designed to be single use and must be replaced for each client

Answer 27

Gloves, dust mask, abrasive nail files and buffers, two way or three-way buffer, single use or Terry cloth towels, -gauze, cotton balls, pledgets or plastic backed pads-, - plastic, wooden, or metal spatulas-

Question 28

Gloves definition SB

Answer 28

Gloves are PPE, they are worn to protect the nail technician from exposure to microbes. The Occupational Safety and Health Act defines PPE as specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against a hazard. the hazard this particular standard refers to are bloodborne pathogens, pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood, and other body fluids that can cause disease in humans. Gloves are removed by inverting the cuffs, pulling them off inside out, and then disposing of them into the trash. May need to be changed throughout service. You should wash your hands after removing each set of gloves and before putting on a new set.

Question 29

dust mask definition

Answer 29

Use a high quality, properly fitted dust mask when transferring chemicals from one container to another or when buffing or filing nails. dust mask rated N95 are highly effective and an excellent choice for preventing inhalation overexposure to dust. Paper dust mask protect you from nail filing dust but not chemicals. They should be replaced daily to remain effective. Air purifying respirator test filter chemical vapors or use an air purifying ventilation system at your table.

Question 30

Abrasive nail files and buffers info

Answer 30

Are available in many different types and grits, such as those with firm, rigid supporting cores or others with foam, very flexible cores. they are single use. The lower the grip the larger the abrasive particles on the file and the more aggressive it’s action. To prepare a file for use, rub another clean unused file across the edges to remove the sharp edge this is called file prepping. Abrasive boards and buffers typically have one, two, or three different grit surfaces depending on the type, use, and style. Grits range from less than 100 to over 240 per centimeter.

Question 31

Coarse grit abrasive definition SB

Answer 31

100 or less grit quickly reduce any surface and produce deeper and more visible scratches than those of a higher grit. Lower grit files must be used with caution and are generally not used on natural nails. Higher grit files remove scratches and smooth surfaces through polishing

Question 32

Medium grit abrasives definition SB

Answer 32

One 150-180 are used to smooth and refine surfaces, used to shorten and shape natural nails

Question 33

fine grit abrasive definition SB

Answer 33

feature grits of 240 and higher. they are designed for buffing, polishing, and removing very fine scratches.

Question 34

two way or three way buffer info (i use to have one, its colorful)

Answer 34

replaces the chamois that becomes contaminated with multiple uses and creates a beautiful shine on nails. has one or two additional grit abrasives and a final shine surface. begin with the lowest grit abrasive in the smoothing task, move to the larger grits, then finally on the shining surface(usually no grit). final steps it can be used for a two color application of acrylic nails such as the French manicure look, to produce beautiful, smooth nails that will be worn with a sheer or clear polish.

Question 35

single use or terry cloth towels SB

Answer 35

towels are an example of materials that do not require immersion disinfection if they are properly laundered by the salon or laundered. the best terry cloth towel for a service is white, because it can be bleached during washing between uses. other clean towels are used to cover any surfaces that cannot be disinfected during each manicure.

Question 36

professional nail products

Answer 36

soap, polish remover, -nail creams, lotions, and oils-, cuticle removers, -colored polish, enamel, lacquer, or varnish-, gel polish, base coat, nail hardener, top coat, nail polish dryers, hand creams and lotions, nail conditioners, sunscreens.

Question 37

soap info SB

Answer 37

used to clean a techs and a clients hands before a service. acts as a infection control tool during this pre service hand washing procedure by mechanically removing microbes and debris aka communicable disease. removes over 90% of pathogenic microbes from the hands if washed properly. bar of soap harbors bacteria and is a breeding ground for pathogenic disease producing bacteria.

Question 38

polish remover SB

Answer 38

Polish removers are used to dissolve and remove nail Polish. Acetone is a colorless, inflammable liquid, it is miscible with water, alcohol, and ether, and has a sweetish odor or burning taste. used as a solvent. May contain additional ingredients, such as aloe, vitamin E, or oils to prevent drying of the nail plate and surrounding skin. Preferable by nail techs because it works more quickly. Acetone and non acetone can both be drying to cuticle and surrounding skin. When using Polish remover saturate a cotton ball gauze pad or plastic backed cotton pad and hold the saturated cotton on each nail while you silently count to 10. Do not go down the drain or throw away, used liquid acetone must be saved in a fire department approved metal container and disposed of as hazardous waste.

Question 39

Nail creams, lotions and oils info SB

Answer 39

these products are designed to soften dry skin around the nail plate and increase flexibility of natural nails especially effective on nails that appear to be dry or brittle. Nail creams are barrier products they contain ingredients designed to seal the surface of the skin around the nails and hold in the subdermal moisture in the skin. Nail oils are designed to be absorbed into the nail plate to increase flexibility and into the surrounding skin to soften and moisturize. Can penetrate the nail plate or skin and will have longer lasting effects than creams.

Question 40

Cuticle removers info SB

Answer 40

They are designed to loosen and dissolve dead tissue on the nail plate so that the tissue can be more easily and thoroughly removed from the nail plate. Do not put on skin it will irritate the eponychium. they have a high pH (caustic) and are irritating to the skin. 2 to 5% sodium or potassium hydroxide plus glycerin or other moisturizing ingredients to counteract their drying skin effects. Alkaline ingredients.

Question 41

Colored Polish, enamel, lacquer, or varnish SB

Answer 41

Colored coatings applied to the natural nail plate are variously known as those. Polish is a generic term describing any type of solvent based color film applied to the natural nail plate. Every Polish has acrylic in it without it polish would not harden. Polish is applied in two coats over a base coat and followed by a top coat. Chemicals that some people claim to be toxic have long been removed from the formulations of all major Polish companies.

Question 42

gel polish info

Answer 42

Form of nail color that does not dry due to exposure to the air but cures when placed under a UV or LED lamp. Addresses the constant smudging that clients experienced after a service. Specifically for natural nails but also used on enhancements. Hybrid gels are gel polishes that combine the best of the polished worlds. They have the durability in gloss of gels but can be removed like polishes with Polish remover although it takes longer. gel p originally had to be removed through abrasion.

Question 43

base coat SB

Answer 43

a base coat creates a colorless layer on the natural nail or nail enhancement that promotes the adhesion of gel polish. Reduces the potential for Polish to develop a yellowish staining or other discoloration on the natural nail plate from polish dark colors. Contain solvents designed to evaporate. Important to use on nail enhancements under colored Polish to prevent surface staining.

Question 44

nail hardener info

Answer 44

Are used to improve the surface hardness or durability of weak or thin nail can also prevent splitting or peeling of the nail plate if used properly. can be applied before the base coat or after as a top coat. A protein hardener is a combination of clear Polish and protein such as collagen. Protein collagen has very large molecules that cannot be absorbed into the nail plate. Other nail hardeners contain reinforcing fibers such as nylon also non absorbent so protection comes from coating. No formaldehyde but contains methylene glycol. Ingredient create bridges or cross links between the keratin strands that make up the natural nail, making the nail plates stiffer and more resistant to bending or breaking. not irritating to the skin. dont use for nails that are already brittle and or hard could cause nail plate to shatter or split. once goal is reached discontinue use. Dimethyl urea hardeners will not over harden nails doesn’t have MG and work as quickly.

Question 45

top coat info