Chapter 6 Key terms

Question 1

hygiene

Answer 1

practices to keep bodies clean and healthy

Question 2

grooming

Answer 2

practices to care for oneself, such as caring for fingernails and hair.

Question 3

pressure points

Answer 3

: areas of the body that bear much of the body weight

Question 4

bony prominences

Answer 4

areas of the body where the bone lies close to the skin

Question 5

pressure injuries

Answer 5

a serious wound resulting from skin deterioration and shearing; also called pressure
ulcers, pressure sores, bed sores, or decubitus ulcers.

Question 6

shearing

Answer 6

rubbing or friction that results from the skin moving one way and the bone underneath it
remaining fixed or moving in the opposite direction.

Question 7

draw sheet:

Answer 7

an extra sheet placed on top of the bottom sheet; used for moving residents in bed.

Question 8

foot drop

Answer 8

: a weakness of muscles in the feet and ankles that causes problems with the ability to flex the
ankles and walk normally.

Question 9

orthotic device

Answer 9

a device that helps support and align a limb and improve its functioning; also called
orthosis.

Question 10

partial bath

Answer 10

a bath given on days when a complete bath or shower is not done; includes washing the face,
hands, underarms, and perineum.

Question 11

perineum:

Answer 11

the genital and anal area

Question 12

pediculosis:

Answer 12

an infestation of lice.

Question 13

safety razor:

Answer 13

: a type of razor that has a sharp blade with a special safety casing to help prevent cuts;
requires the use of shaving cream or soap.

Question 14

disposable razor:

Answer 14

: type of razor that is discarded after one use; requires the use of shaving cream or soap.

Question 15

electric razor:

Answer 15

type of razor that runs on electricity; does not require the use of soap or shaving cream.

Question 16

affected side:

Answer 16

a side of the body that is weakened due to a stroke or injury; also called weaker or involved
side.

Question 17

involved side:

Answer 17

a side of the body that is weakened due to a stroke or injury; also called weaker or affected
side.

Question 18

intravenous (IV) therapy

Answer 18

the delivery of medication, nutrition, or fluids through a person’s vein.

Question 19

embolism:

Answer 19

an obstruction of a blood vessel, usually by a blood clot.

Question 20

oral care

Answer 20

care of the mouth, teeth, and gums.

Question 21

aspiration

Answer 21

: the inhalation of food, fluid or foreign material into the lungs.

Question 22

dentures:

Answer 22

artificial teeth

Question 23

fracture pan:

Answer 23

a bedpan that is flatter than a regular bedpan.

Question 24

portable commode:

Answer 24

: a chair with a toilet seat and a removable container underneath that is used for
elimination; also called bedside commode.

Question 25

positioning:

Answer 25

: the act of helping people into positions that promote comfort and health

Question 26

supine:

Answer 26

: a body position in which a person lies flat on his back.

Question 27

lateral:

Answer 27

body position in which a person is lying on either side.`

Question 28

prone:

Answer 28

body position in which a person is lying on his stomach, or front side of the body.

Question 29

Fowler’s:

Answer 29

: a semisitting body position in which a person’s head and shoulders are elevated 45 to 60
degrees

Question 30

Sims’:

Answer 30

: body position in which a person is lying on his left side with the upper knee flexed and raised
toward the chest.

Question 31

logrolling:

Answer 31

moving a person as a unit, without disturbing the alignment of the body.

Question 32

dangle:

Answer 32

to sit up with the legs hanging over the side of the bed in order to regain balance and stabilize
blood pressure.

Question 33

ergonomics

Answer 33

: the science of designing equipment, areas, and work tasks to make them safer and to suit
the worker’s abilities.

Question 34

transfer belt:

Answer 34

: a belt made of canvas or other heavy material that is used to help people who are weak,
unsteady, or uncoordinated to transfer.