Chapter 3 key terms

Question 1

physiological needs

Answer 1

needs that relate to the processes and activities that keep living
things alive.

Question 2

psychosocial needs

Answer 2

needs that involve social interaction, emotions, intellect, and
spirituality.

Question 3

masturbation:

Answer 3

: to touch or rub sexual organs in order to give oneself or another person
sexual pleasure.

Question 4

Holistic care

Answer 4

a type of care that involves caring for the whole person—the mind as well as
the body.

Question 5

cultural diversity

Answer 5

the different groups of people with varied backgrounds and experiences
who live together in the world.

Question 6

bias

Answer 6

: prejudice

Question 7

race:

Answer 7

grouping of people based on physical characteristics shared by people with common
ancestry.

Question 8

ethnicity

Answer 8

one aspect of a person’s identity, often reflecting a combination of race, culture,
language, nationality, and other factors.

Question 9

cognitive:

Answer 9

related to thinking and learning.

Question 10

ageism

Answer 10

prejudice toward, stereotyping of, and/or discrimination against older persons or
the elderly.

Question 11

Developmental Disabilities:

Answer 11

disabilities that are present at birth or emerge during
childhood up to age 22 that restrict physical and/or mental ability.

Question 12

Depression

Answer 12

type of mood disorder that causes pain, fatigue, apathy, sadness, irritability,
anxiety, sleeplessness, and loss of appetite as well as other symptoms; also called major
depressive disorder or clinical depression.

Question 13

apathy

Answer 13

a lack of interest in activities.

Question 14

bipolar disorder

Answer 14

a mental health disorder that causes a person to swing from periods of
deep depression (a depressive episode) to periods of extreme activity (a manic episode).

Question 15

anxiety:

Answer 15

uneasiness, worry, or fear, often about a situation or condition.

Question 16

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Answer 16

an anxiety disorder that is characterized by anxiety and
worry, even when there is no cause for those feelings.

Question 17

panic disorder

Answer 17

r: a disorder characterized by a person having regular panic attacks or living
with constant anxiety about having another attack.

Question 18

social anxiety disorder:

Answer 18

a disorder in which a person has excessive anxiety about social
situations.

Question 19

phobia

Answer 19

an intense irrational fear of or anxiety about an object, place, or situation

Question 20

obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD):

Answer 20

an anxiety disorder characterized by obsessive
behavior or thoughts which may cause the person to repeatedly perform a behavior or
routine.

Question 21

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Answer 21

an anxiety disorder caused by experiencing or
witnessing a traumatic experience.

Question 22

schizophrenia

Answer 22

: a type of psychotic disorder that causes problems with thinking,
communication, and the ability to manage emotions, make decisions, and understand
reality.

Question 23

hallucinations

Answer 23

false or distorted sensory perceptions.

Question 24

delusions

Answer 24

persistent false beliefs

Question 25

psychotherapy

Answer 25

a method of treating mental health disorders that involves talking about
one’s problems with mental health professionals.

Question 26

cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)

Answer 26

a type of psychotherapy that is often used to treat
anxiety disorders and depression and focuses on skills and solutions that a person can use
to modify negative thinking and behavior patterns.

Question 27

terminal illness

Answer 27

: a disease or condition that will eventually cause death.

Question 28

grief

Answer 28

deep distress or sorrow over a loss.

Question 29

advance directives

Answer 29

legal documents that allow people to choose what medical care they
wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions themselves.

Question 30

living will

Answer 30

a document that outlines the medical care a person wants, or does not want, in
case she becomes unable to make those decisions

Question 31

durable power of attorney for health care

Answer 31

a signed, dated, and witnessed legal document
that appoints someone else to make the medical decisions for a person in the event he or
she becomes unable to do so

Question 32

do-not-resuscitate (DNR)

Answer 32

a medical order that instructs medical professionals not to
perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the event of cardiac or respiratory arrest.

Question 33

Cheyne-Stokes

Answer 33

alternating periods of slow, irregular breathing and rapid, shallow
breathing, along with periods of not breathing.

Question 34

postmortem care

Answer 34

care of the body after death.

Question 35

hospice care

Answer 35

: holistic, compassionate care given to people who have approximately six
months or less to live.

Question 36

palliative care:

Answer 36

: care given to people who have serious diseases or who are dying that
emphasizes relieving pain, controlling symptoms, and preventing side effects.