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Grade 10 Science > Chapter 6 (Ions, Ionic Compounds, Acids & Bases) > Flashcards

Chapter 6 (Ions, Ionic Compounds, Acids & Bases) Flashcards

Anions, Cations, Ionic Compounds, Metals

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1
Q

What is an Ionic Compound?

A

An ionic compound results when a Metal reacts with a Non-metal

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2
Q

What does the Metal do?

A

The metal tends to lose electrons and become positive

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3
Q

What does the Non-Metal do?

A

The non-metal tends to gain electrons and become negative

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4
Q

Why do atoms stick together?

A

Atoms stick together due to the Law of Electric Charges

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5
Q

Name 2 examples of Ionic Compounds

A

Sodium Chloride and Magnesium Oxide

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6
Q

What is the charge if there are more protons than electrons in an ion?

A

The charge will be positive

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7
Q

What is the charge if there are more electrons than protons in an ion?

A

The charge will be negative

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8
Q

What are cations?

A

Cations are ions with positive charges, causing them to have more protons than electrons

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9
Q

What are anions?

A

Anions are particles or ions with negative charges, causing them to have more electrons than protons

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10
Q

What forms cations, Metals or Metalloids?

A

Metals form cations

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11
Q

What forms anions, Non-metals or noble gases?

A

Non-metals form anions

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12
Q

What is the ammonium ion?

A

The ammonium ion is NH4+

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13
Q

What do most Ionic compounds form?

A

Most Ionic Compounds form three dimensional crystals which are held together by opposite charges

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14
Q

What is an electrolyte?

A

An electrolyte is a compound which dissolves in water to form a solution that conducts electricity

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15
Q

What is a polyatomic ion?

A

A polyatomic ion is an atom that has a charge

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16
Q

What prefixes lose their final o or a when placed in front of oxygen?

A

Mono, tetra, penta, and hexa

17
Q

How do atoms become stable?

A

Atoms become stable by sharing, losing, or gaining electrons

18
Q

Do Ionic Compounds have high melting points?

A

Yes

19
Q

Is the ending of the second element always changed to —ide?

A

Yes

20
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

When metals and non-metals share their electrons to give a full outer orbit

21
Q

What are the 7 diatomic elements?

A

Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine

22
Q

What is the formula of Sulfuric acid?

A

H2SO4

23
Q

What is the formula of Nitric acid?

A

HNO3

24
Q

What is the formula of Nitrous acid?

A

HNO2

25
Q

What is the formula for Hydrochloric acid?

A

HCl

26
Q

What is the formula for Sodium Hydroxide?

A

NaOH

27
Q

What is the formula for Calcium Hydroxide?

A

Ca(OH)2

28
Q

What is the formula for Lithium hydroxide?

A

LiOH

29
Q

Do atoms become positively charged when they lose electrons?

A

Yes

30
Q

Do atoms become negatively charged when they gain electrons?

A

Yes

31
Q

How is acid rain formed?

A

Acid rain is formed when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react with water and oxygen

32
Q

Are Metals basic?

A

Yes

33
Q

Are non-metals acidic?

A

Yes

34
Q

What is the formula for bases?

A

Metal + oxygen = metal oxide
Metal oxide + water = bade

35
Q

What are transition metals?

A

Metals that are in between metals and non-metals

36
Q

What is the formula for acids?

A

Non metal + oxygen = non metal oxide
Non metal oxide + water = acid

37
Q

What is the formula for neutralization?

A

Acid + base = water + salt

38
Q

Do you use a prefix when you have two nonmetals or one?

A

Two

39
Q

What is neutralization?

A

When acids and bases react together and produce water and salt

Grade 10 Science (4 decks)

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