Cell Cycles, Cell Division, & Bacterial Cells

Question 1

What is a capsule?

Answer 1

Outermost layer of the cell that provides protection

Question 2

What is a nucleoid?

Answer 2

A region inside the cell that contains genetic material but is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane

Question 3

What is plasmid?

Answer 3

A circular piece of genetic material

Question 4

What is flagellum?

Answer 4

A hair-like structure that the cell uses for movement

Question 5

What is pilus?

Answer 5

A hair-like structure that attaches the cell to a surface and transfers genetic material from one cell to another

Question 6

What structures are present in a bacterial cell but not in a plant or animal cell?

Answer 6

Nucleoid, Plasmid, Pilus, and Flagellum

Question 7

What structures are present in plant and animal cells but not in a bacterial cell?

Answer 7

Nucleus, Mitochondria, Lysosomes, Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Cell Wall, Chloroplast, and Vacuole

Question 8

What structures inside plant and animal cells look like bacteria?

Answer 8

Mitochondria and Chloroplasts

Question 9

Why do cells produce?

Answer 9

To help an organism repair itself or grow and reproduce

Question 10

What does the cell cycle do?

Answer 10

Represent the sequence of events that occur as a eukaryotic cell grows and divides

Question 11

What are the 3 interphases of the cell cycle?

Answer 11

G1, S, and G2

Question 12

Where is genetic information of a cell stored?

Answer 12

In DNA

Question 13

What are genes?

Answer 13

Regions associated with particular inherited traits

Question 14

What is Mitosis? What happens during Mitosis?

Answer 14

The division in body cells and the second phase of the cell cycle. The chromosomes move to opposite sides and two nuclei form.

Question 15

What are the 4 phases of Mitosis?

Answer 15

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase

Question 16

What happens during prophase?

Answer 16

The nuclear membrane disappears and chromosomes thicken which makes them more visible

Question 17

What happens during Metaphase?

Answer 17

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Question 18

What happens in Anaphase?

Answer 18

Sister chromatids seperate and are pulled toward opposite sides

Question 19

What happens during Telophase?

Answer 19

Chromosomes are at opposite sides of the cell and convert to chromatin.

Question 20

What is the final phase of the cell cycle?

Answer 20

Cytokinesis

Question 21

What happens during Cytokinesis?

Answer 21

The cytoplasm is divided and two separate cells called daughter cells are formed

Question 22

What is Cytokinesis?

Answer 22

The process of cytoplasm division

Question 23

What is Meiosis?

Answer 23

A phase in the cell cycle that divides the number of chromosomes in half

Question 24

What are the phases of Meiosis?

Answer 24

Meiosis I and Meiosis II

Question 25

What are Gametes?

Answer 25

Male and female reproductive cells

Question 26

What are Gametes?

Answer 26

Male and Female reproductive cells

Question 27

How many chromosomes do we inherit from our parents?

Answer 27

One each

Question 28

What happens during Prophase I?

Answer 28

Chromosomes condense and form pairs then genetic material between homologous pairs are exchanged

Question 29

What happens during Metaphase I & Anaphase I?

Answer 29

M- Homologous chromosomes align in pairs in the centre. A - Homologous pairs separate

Question 30

What happens in Telophase I?

Answer 30

Homologous chromosomes pairs at opposite sides and the spindle fibres break down

Question 31

What happens during Meiosis II?

Answer 31

The nucleus of each daughter cell produced in Meiosis I divides to form 4 haploid cells