Cell Cycles, Cell Division, & Bacterial Cells

Question 1

What is a nucleoid?

Answer 1

A region inside the cell that contains genetic material but is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane

Question 2

What is plasmid?

Answer 2

A circular piece of genetic material

Question 3

What is flagellum?

Answer 3

A hair-like structure that the cell uses for movement

Question 4

What is pilus?

Answer 4

A hair-like structure that attaches the cell to a surface and transfers genetic material from one cell to another

Question 5

What structures are present in a bacterial cell but not in a plant or animal cell?

Answer 5

Nucleoid, Plasmid, Pilus, and Flagellum

Question 6

What structures are present in plant and animal cells but not in a bacterial cell?

Answer 6

Nucleus, Mitochondria, Lysosomes, Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Cell Wall, Chloroplast, and Vacuole

Question 7

What structures inside plant and animal cells look like bacteria?

Answer 7

Mitochondria and Chloroplasts

Question 8

Why do cells produce?

Answer 8

To help an organism repair itself, grow and reproduce

Question 9

What does the cell cycle do?

Answer 9

Represent the sequence of events that occur as a eukaryotic cell grows and divides

Question 10

What are the 3 interphases of the cell cycle?

Answer 10

G1, S, and G2

Question 11

Where is genetic information of a cell stored?

Answer 11

In DNA

Question 12

What are genes?

Answer 12

Regions associated with particular inherited traits

Question 13

What is Mitosis? What happens during Mitosis?

Answer 13

The division in body cells and the second phase of the cell cycle. The chromosomes move to opposite sides and two nuclei form.

Question 14

What are the 4 phases of Mitosis?

Answer 14

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase

Question 15

What happens during prophase?

Question 16

What happens during Metaphase?

Answer 16

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Question 17

In what phase do sister chromatids seperate and are pulled toward opposite sides?

Answer 17

Anaphase

Question 18

What happens during Telophase?

Answer 18

Chromosomes are at opposite sides of the cell and convert to chromatin.

Question 19

What is the final phase of the cell cycle?

Answer 19

Cytokinesis

Question 20

What happens during Cytokinesis?

Answer 20

The cytoplasm is divided and two separate cells called daughter cells are formed

Question 21

What is Cytokinesis?

Answer 21

The process of cytoplasm division

Question 22

What is Meiosis?

Answer 22

A phase in the cell cycle that divides the number of chromosomes in half

Question 23

What are the phases of Meiosis?

Answer 23

Meiosis I and Meiosis II

Question 24

What are Gametes?

Answer 24

Male and female reproductive cells

Question 25

How many chromosomes do we inherit from our parents?

Answer 25

One each

Question 26

What happens during Prophase I?

Answer 26

Chromosomes condense and form pairs then genetic material between homologous pairs are exchanged

Question 27

What happens during Metaphase I & Anaphase I?

Answer 27

M- Homologous chromosomes align in pairs in the centre A - Homologous pairs separate

Question 28

Do homologous chromosomes pairs at opposite sides and the spindle fibres break down in Telophase I or Telophase?

Answer 28

Telophase I

Question 29

What phase does the nucleus of each daughter cell produced in Meiosis I divide to form 4 haploid cells?

Answer 29

Meiosis II

Question 30

Cells undergo division for repair and reproduction but not?

Answer 30

Growth

Question 31

What is the process in which cancer cells break away from the original tumour and move to a different part of the body?

Answer 31

Malignant tumour

Question 32

The cell theory does not state

Answer 32

That all organisms are made up of many cells

Question 33

Tumours that are found to be cancerous are called?

Answer 33

Malignant

Question 34

When cancer cells move to different parts of the body, what is it called?

Answer 34

Metastasis

Question 35

What is the stage/phase of the cell cycle where chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?

Answer 35

Metaphase

Question 36

What is the stage/phase of the cell cycle where the nuclear membrane dissolves?

Answer 36

Prophase

Question 37

When the DNA copy is complete, each chromosome has 2 paired structures called?

Answer 37

Chromatids

Question 38

What is the difference between Cytokinesis and Mitosis?

Answer 38

Mitosis is the growth, repairing, and asexual reproduction. Cytokinesis is the division of cytoplasm and organelles.

Question 39

What happens during G1, S, and G2

Answer 39

G1 - The cell grows and takes in nutrients S - The cell's DNA is replicated G2 - The cell continues to grow and enters Mitosis