Chapter 6- Intro to the Cell Flashcards
What structures are in animal, but not plant cells?
Lysosomes
Centrioles
Flagella (in some plant sperm)
What structures are in plant, but not animal cells?
Chloroplasts
Central vacuole and tonoplast
Cell wall
Plasmodesmata
Why is cell fractionalization done?
Cell fractionation is used to isolate
(fractionate) cell components, based on size and density.
How is cell fractionalization done?
First, cells are homogenized in a blender to
break them up. The resulting mixture (cell homogenate) is then
centrifuged at various speeds and durations to fractionate the cell
components, forming a series of pellets.
What is the arrangement of microtubules in Cilia? Flagella? Centriole?
9+2
9+2
9+0
What does the centriole do?
Associated with the movement of chromosomes
What are the 4 kinds of junctions in cells?
Tight junctions
gap junctions
Desmosomes
plasmodesmata
How can specimens be seen better with light microscopy?
Stain- but kills cells
Phase contrast- Enhances contrast in unstained cells
Nomarski- Optical manipulation to exaggerate changes in density
What is confocal microscopy?
Fluorescence is added with lasers, and then computers remove anything out of focus
When magnification is increased, depth of focus….
Decreases
What is the difference between the two types of electron microscopes?
Transmission- Looks through things (better histology)
Scanning- Looks at surface (pretty pictures)
What is the central dogma?
Information in DNA is transcripted into RNA.
The RNA is translated into AA sequences.
