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EMSP106 > Chapter 6: Human Body > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Human Body Flashcards

pg 525

1
Q

Anatomy

A

physical structure of body and systems

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2
Q

Physiology

A

normal functions and activities of body parts/systems

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3
Q

Pathophysiology

A

functional changes of body parts when diseased

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4
Q

Topographic Anatomy

A

surface structures

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5
Q

Umbilicus

A

belly button

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6
Q

Anatomic Position

A

patient palms and feet facing you

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7
Q

Coronal/Frontal Plane

A

vertical, front and back sections

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8
Q

Sagittal/Lateral Plane

A

vertical, left and right sections

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9
Q

Midsagittal/Midline Plane

A

equal left and right sections

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10
Q

Transverse/Axial Plane

A

horizontal, top and bottom sections

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11
Q

Skeletal System

A

structural support, attachment for tissues, protect vital organs, red marrow produces RBC

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12
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

vertical from coccyx to skull, includes thoracic cage and vertebral column

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13
Q

Coccyx

A

5th section of vertebrae, 4, tailbone

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14
Q

Thoracic Cage

A

rib cage

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15
Q

Appendicular Skeleton

A

upper and lower limbs and where they attach to axial skeleton

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16
Q

Joint

A

where 2 bones meet, named after 2 adjoining bones, allows movement

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17
Q

Ligaments

A

fibrous tissue that connects and stabilizes joints

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18
Q

Cartilage

A

flexible tissue that cushions the ends of bones at joints

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19
Q

Tendon

A

connect muscle to bone

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20
Q

Symphyses

A

joint where only some motion is possible

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21
Q

Joint Capsule

A

sac at the ends of bones in joint, some parts thin for movement, some parts thick restrict movement

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22
Q

Sacroiliac Joint

A

joint surrounded by thick ligaments, allows little movement

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23
Q

Articular Cartilage

A

on ends of bones in moving joints, allows joint to glide

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24
Q

Synovial Membrane

A

inner lining of joint capsule, makes synovial fluid

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25
Q

Synovial fluid

A

lubricates joints, allows bones to glide in joints

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26
Q

Ball and Socket Joint

A

rotation and bending, ex. shoulder

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27
Q

Hinge Joint

A

only bending, ex. finger elbow and knee

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28
Q

Flexion

A

bending of joint

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29
Q

Extension

A

straightening of joint

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30
Q

Skull

A

28 bones, cranium, facial bones and ear bones

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31
Q

Cranium

A

protect brain, includes frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones

32
Q

Frontal Bones

A

part of cranium where frontal lobe is

33
Q

Temporal Bones

A

part of cranium where temporal lobes are

34
Q

Parietal Bones

A

part of cranium where parietal lobes are

35
Q

Occipital Bone

A

part of cranium where occipital lobe is located

36
Q

Foramen Magnum

A

hole at base of occipital bone where spinal cord basses through into vertebral column

37
Q

Maxillae

A

upper jawbones

38
Q

Mandible

A

lower jawbones

39
Q

Zygomas

A

cheek bones

40
Q

Orbit

A

eye socket, cavity between multiple face bones

41
Q

Nasal Bones

A

form upper third of nose and nose bridge

42
Q

Vertebral Column

A

spinal column, 33 vertebrae, 5 sections

43
Q

Cervical Spine

A

1st section of vertebrae, 7, located in neck

44
Q

Thoracic Spine

A

2nd section of vertebrae, 12, thoracic cavity/rib cage

45
Q

Lumbar Spine

A

3rd section of vertebrae, 5, lower back

46
Q

Sacrum

A

4th section of vertebrae, 5, attached to pelvis

47
Q

Intervertebral Discks

A

between vertebrae, cushion and absorb shock, limited degree of motion

48
Q

Thorax

A

chest, contains heart lungs esophagus, aorta, venae cavae

49
Q

Sternum

A

breastbone, midline anterior surface of chest, 3 main parts (manubrium, body, xiphoid process)

50
Q

Manubrium

A

superior section of sternum, form sternal notch

51
Q

Xiphoid Process

A

inferior section of sternum, cartilage

52
Q

Pectoral Girdle

A

shoulder

53
Q

Clavicle

A

collarbone, connects shoulder to axial skeleton

54
Q

Scapula

A

shoulder blade, connected to skeletal muscles

55
Q

Humerus

A

bone in upper arm

56
Q

Radius

A

larger/thumb side bone in forearm

57
Q

Ulna

A

smaller/medial side bone in forearm

58
Q

Carpals

A

8 bones at wrist

59
Q

Metacarpals

A

5 bones at palm

60
Q

Phalanges

A

finger bones (3 for each finger, 2 for thumb)

61
Q

Pelvic Girdle

A

at hip/trunk area, contains coxae, sacrum, coccyx

62
Q

Coxae

A

hip bones, made of ilium, ischium, pubis

63
Q

Pubic Symphysis

A

cartilage between pubic bone halves, prevent movement

64
Q

Acetabulum

A

hip joint, between pelvis and femur

65
Q

Femur

A

thigh bone, longest/strongest bone

66
Q

Femoral Head

A

superior end, nob that sticks in acetabulum, form hip joint

67
Q

Greater Trochanter

A

part of femur that causes hip dip, anchor for thigh muscle

68
Q

Lesser Trochanter

A

bump on medial side of femur near top, anchor for thigh muscle

69
Q

Patella

A

kneecap, cover knee joint

70
Q

Tibia

A

larger/medial shinbone

71
Q

Fibula

A

smaller/lateral shinbone

72
Q

Malleolus

A

posterior part of tibia/fibula that sticks out at ankle

73
Q

Tarsals

A

major bones in foot

74
Q

Metatarsals

A

smaller bones that extend off tarsals in foot

75
Q

Calcaneus

A

heel bone

76
Q

Talus

A

connects heel and foot to tibia/fibula

EMSP106 (11 decks)

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