Chapter 6 Geography Flashcards
Tectonic
To do with the structure of the earths crust
Region
An area with similar characteristics
Fold mountains
The mountains created by breaks in the earths crust
Erode
To wear down the surface of the earth
Glaciation
Land being covered with thick moving ice
Vegetation
Plants grow naturally in an area
Topography
The shape of the land
Climate
The prevailing condition of temperature and precipitation.
What are the 3 layers of the earth
The mantle, crust and core.
What is the earths crust?
A thin layer, about 5km long. It is broken into large pieces called plates.
What is the mantle.
It is made up of molten rock called magma.
What is the core?
The core is a hot, dense mass that is a solid. The intense heat is responsible for melting the rock in the mantle.
What is magma?
It is a thick material that slowly swirls liked boiling water. The magma causes the plates to move.
How does a volcano occur?
It occurs when the earths crust breaks and mooted rock from the mantle pushes up.
What are volcanic mountains?
After an eruption another layer of moulted rock reaches the earths surface. Where it cools and hardens.
What are the Appalachians?
The east coast of North America.
What rovince are the Appalachians in?
Newfound land.
What are the size if the Appalachian mountains?
Low. They have been eroded because they have been around for 300 000 000.
Sedimentary?
The type of rock formed by erosion of other rocks, other rocks after this loose material ax hardened.
Confiduous?
Ever greens, trees or shrubs bearing cones.
Deciduous?
Trees that shed their leaves annually.
Marsh?
Low land that is flooded in wet water and almost always wet.
Delta?
An area of soil or slits deposits built up at the mouth of a river.
Escarpment?
A steep cliff formed by erosion or faulting.
Continental climate?
A type of climate that develops away from the influence of oceans. The temperature ranges tends to be large and precipitation is low.
Rift Valley?
A valley that is created when the portion of the land between two faults drop down.
Faulting?
Movement along a crack or cracks in the earths crust.
Tornado?
A brief but very destructive storm characterized by a wind funnel.
Vortex?
A mass of fluid or air that whirls in a rotary direction.
Muskeg?
A level bog or swamp found in Canada.
Boreal?
Northern or of the arctic.
What region is know for having a lot of escarpments?
St lawerence and the Great Lakes.
Explain the topography of the Great Lakes and st Lawrence region?
Rolling landscapes, created by glaciation. Flag plains broken up by hills and deep river valleys.
What is the climate for the Great Lakes and st Lawrence region?
The climate is continental climate so the range is big. The lakes keep the climate humid in the summer.
Vegetation in the Great Lakes and st Lawrence region?
The soil is very fertile, and used to be very heavily treed. With the largest broad leafed forest in Canada.
Where are the coastal plains?
It Is 3200, from cape cod along the east coast to Florida all the way down to Mexico.
What Is the topography for the coastal plains?
They are less than 200m-30m above sea level. They are flat and mostly made up of marshes and swamps.
What is the coastal plains climate?
In the north it is cold and snowy and hot humid summers. The south has. Mild winters and hot hot summers. The southern region also has hurricanes.
Vegetation coastal plains?
The area is mostly sandy but plants have adapted. Like in Mexico jungles have grown. The native forest was pine.
Where does the interior plains run through?
In Canada it runs in between the Rockies and the Canadian Shield. In the USA it runs in between the Appalachians and the Rockies
Where it the interior plaines divided into smaller sections?
In the US the plains are divvied into central lowland and the Great Plains. The bored is the Great Lakes and st. Lawrence River.
Where are the central lowlands?
Above the Great Plains. In the interior plains.
What is the climate for the interior plains?
Conte tail climate. So the range is very big. Hot summers and cold winters with little precipitation.
Vegetation for interior plains?
In the central lowland wax covered with lost of deciduous trees. In the Great Plains also in the Canadian portion the natural vegetation is grasslands.
What is the Canadian Shield mainly made up of?
Volcanic mountains.
Topography for Canadian Shield?
The glaciers move and eroded the natural soil. Leaving the rock. 100-50m above sea level.
Canadian Shield climate?
Long winters the farther up north you go and short warm and cool summers.
Canadian Shield vegetation?
Boreal forest cover most of the shield. The trees are small and weak.
What is a valuable that the Canadian Shield store.
Minerals.
