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ReScience > Chapter 6 Generation Of Electricity > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Generation Of Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 main electricity groups?

A

Renewable energy sources and non-renewable energy sources

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2
Q

Definition of renewable energy sources?

A

Energy sources that can be replaced continually and will never deplete

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3
Q

Definition of non-renewable energy sources?

A

Energy sources that cannot be replaced and will deplete

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4
Q

Examples of renewable energy sources

A

Hydro
Wave
Solar
Tidal
Wind
Biomass
Geothermal

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5
Q

Examples of non renewable energy sources

A

Nuclear
Coal
Natural Gas
Petroleum

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6
Q

What is a generator?

A

Device used to generate electricity

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7
Q

What is electricity current produced by?

A

Movement of the wire and movement of the magnet

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8
Q

Types of electric current?

A

Alternating current and direct current

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9
Q

What is a direct current?

A

Current the flows in 1 direction only

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10
Q

What is an alternating current

A

Current that flows in constantly reversing directions

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11
Q

Examples of devices and sources of direct current

A

Flashlight, calculator, solar cells, batteries

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12
Q

Examples of devices using alternating current

A

Hair dryer. air conditioner, bread toaster

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13
Q

What the fuck is a Cathode Ray Oscilloscope

A

Electric device used to show the differences in the shape of graph, direction of current and voltage change

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14
Q

What is a transformer?

A

Device for changing the voltage of an alternating current

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15
Q

What is a transformer made up of?

A

Laminated soft iron core and 2 insulated coils

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16
Q

Types of transformers?

A

Step up transformers and step down transformers

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17
Q

Explain about the step-up transformer

A

The primary voltage across the primary coil is lower than the secondary voltage across the secondary coil because the primary coil has less turns than the secondary coil

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18
Q

Explain about the step down transformer

A

Primary voltage across the primary coil is higher than the secondary voltage across the secondary coil because the number of turns on the primary coil is more than the secondary coil

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19
Q

What is the supplied voltage of alternating current in malaysia?

A

240V

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20
Q

Examples of electrical appliance that operates at 240v alternating current without a transformer

A

Electrical stove, heater

21
Q

Compare the ratio of the primary voltage to the secondary voltage and the number of turns of the primary coil to the secondary coil in a transformer

A

The ratio of the primary voltage to the secondary voltage is equal to the ratio of the number of turns of the primary coil to the number of turns of the secondary coil in a transformer

22
Q

Transmission tree of electricity

A

Power station > Step-up transformer > National Grid Network > Main substation ( switch zone/step-down transformer ) > Heavy industrial area/light industrial area/residential areas

23
Q

Amount of volts needed for heavy, light industrial areas and residential areas/offices

A

Heavy- 33 kV
Light - 11 kV
Office/Residential areas - 240 V

24
Q

Impact on residencies located near national grid network pylons?

A

If strong enough cause short term health effects such as dizziness and disrupts the position of the compass needle`

25
Q

Types of electrical wiring system?

A

Single-phase wiring/three phase wiring

26
Q

Limitations of single-phase wiring

A

Suitable and stable enough for electricity usage not exceeding 10 kW or 50A
- Rural residential areas

27
Q

Limitations of three-phase wiring

A

Used in industrial/commercial areas where electricity usage is over 10 kW or 50 A

28
Q

Types of plugs

A

3-pin / 2-pin plugs

29
Q

Examples of appliances using 3-pin plugs

A

Electrical kettles
Irons

30
Q

Example of appliances using 2-pin plugs

A

Hair dryer
Electric toothbrush

31
Q

Colour of earth, neutral and live wire

A

Earth- Yellow and greens striped
Neutral - Blue
Live - Brown

32
Q

Safety components in the wiring system of a house

A

Earth Leakage Circuit breaker
Switch
Earth Wire
Miniature circuit breaker
3 A, 5 A, 10 A and 13 A fuses

33
Q

What is a fuse?

A

A fine and short wire that heats up easily and melts when current flowing through exceeds the value of the fuse. If the wire of the fuse melts, the electricity supply cuts off

34
Q

Types of fuses

A

Cartridge fuses and replaceable wire fuses

35
Q

What is the function of a fuse?

A

as an electrical safety device, to prevent excessive current flow

36
Q

Types of fuse ratings

A

1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 13, 15, 30 A

37
Q

What is the importance of safety in the use of electrical appliances? Why?

A

To protect us because the ratio of deaths due to injury of electrical accidents is high compared to other categories of accidents

38
Q

What is the meaning of energy efficiency

A

It is the percentage of energy input converted to useful form of energy output

39
Q

What is the formula for energy efficiency?

A

Useful energy output/Energy input supplied x 100%

40
Q

Examples of technology which applies the concept of energy efficiency?

A

LED Bulbs and electric vehicles

41
Q

Examples of light bulbs

A

Filament Lamp, Energy saving lamp and LED lamp

42
Q

What is the function of an electric meter?

A

Measure the quantity of electricity used to determine the cost of electricity consumed

43
Q

What is the meaning of electric power?

A

rate of electrical energy used by an electric device

44
Q

What is the meaning of electric current

A

The rate of flow of electric charge through a conductor

45
Q

Definition of voltage

A

Electrical energy used to move a unit of electric charge

46
Q

What are ways to save electrical energy consumption

A

Construct green buildings
Use energy-efficient appliances

47
Q

Features of a green building

A

Efficient ventilation system to reduce the use of air conditioning
Maximising the used of natural lighting to reduce the cost of electrical energy consumption

48
Q
A

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